Transcript Genomics of Abiotic Stress Resistance in Wild and Cultivated

Genomics of Abiotic Stress Resistance
in Wild and Cultivated Sunflowers
Investigators
Loren Rieseberg
John Burke
Lisa Donovan
Emily Marden
Brent Hulke
Sam Yeaman
Navin Ramankutty
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Institution
U. British Columbia
U. Georgia
U. Georgia
U. British Columbia
USDA ARS Fargo
U Calgary
U. British Columbia
Expertise
Genomics
Genomics
Ecophysiology
IP, Policy, & Regulation
Molecular Breeding
Bioinformatics
Agricultural Land Use
The Challenge
Flooding
10%
Drought
26%
Low nutrient
22%
Salt
10%
Fraction of world's arable land affected by abiotic stresses
targeted by this project
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Source: Dimensions of need - An atlas of food and agriculture (www.fao.org)
Sunflower, a global oil seed
• Seed production valued at $20 billion US
• Hybrid seed valued at $1 billion US,
second only to maize
• Priority food security crop
• Production in Canada & worldwide to
expand with climate change
Source: www.fao.org
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Collaborator & User - Walter Anyanga
Wild Sunflowers
Numerous wild extremophile
sunflowers cross-compatible
with cultivated sunflower
Salt & drought
tolerant sunflower
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Drought tolerant
sunflower
Flooding & salt tolerant
sunflower
Low-nutrient
tolerant sunflower
Goals
(1) Exploit sunflower crop-wild diversity to identify alleles
that confer tolerance to drought, salt, low nutrient, and
flooding stress, but with minimal yield trade-offs;
(2) Create germplasm resources to efficiently deliver these
alleles to end users (sunflower breeders);
(3) Enable development and use of resistant, high-yielding
cultivars that increase productivity of marginal lands in
Canada and elsewhere.
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Project Overview
Crop Germplasm (Activity 1)
• GWAS of drought, salt, flood, nutrient stress
- HTP + traditional phenotyping
• Mechanistic analyses of stress resistance
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Wild Relatives (Activity 2)
• Population genomics of stress resistance
- Range-wide sampling of extremophile species
- Environmental data (climate, soil, water)
Crop + Wild (Activities 3-6)
Development & characterization of MAGIC populations (Activity 3)
Functional analyses of candidate genes (Activity 4)
GE3LS – Develop crop yield models (Activity 5)
GE3LS – Explore how international treaties impact germplasm use (Activity 6)
Anticipated Scientific Outcomes and Deliverables
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Scientific Outcomes:
• System level understanding of abiotic stress resistance
• Validation of candidate genes, potential extension to other oilseeds
Deliverables:
• "Next generation” germplasm resources
• Central data mining and analysis resource
• Models for predicting yields of resistant sunflower cultivars across Canada
• Strategic recommendations for mitigating barriers to R&D caused by treaties
Expertise
HIGH-THROUGHPUT
PHENOTYPING
Andrade-Sanchez (U.
Arizona)
Bali (DREC)
Langlade (INRA)
GENOMICS &
PHYSIOLOGY
USER PARTNERS: GERMPLASM &
BREEDING
Anyanga (NaSARRI)
Burke (U. Georgia)
Conque, (Biogemma)
Donovan (U. Georgia)
de la Vega (Pioneer)
Hulke (USDA)
Gerdes (NuSeed)
Langlade (INRA)
Hulke (USDA)
Parrott (U. Georgia)
Marek (USDA)
Rieseberg (UBC)
May (AgCanada)
Yeaman (USDA)
Wieckhorst (KWS)
Xiao (Dow)
Zambelli (Advanta)
GEL3S
Marden (UBC)
Ramankutty (UBC)
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BIOINFORMATICS
Burke (U. Georgia)
Kubach (SAP AG)
Rieseberg (UBC)
Yeaman (U. Calgary)
Benefits to Canada & Developing World
Project years 2-4
Sunflower
Breeding
Programs
Within 5 years
Next Generation
Germplasm
Enhanced
Molecular Breeding
Environmentally
Resilient Cultivars
in Field
Improved crop
health
Data Mining Tools
Crop Yield Models
GE3LS
Gene
Editing
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Training of HQP
Strategies for
Reducing Barriers
to Ag Innovation
Mutations
Introduced into
Soybean
Increased
food security
Greater Clarity on
Application of
Treaty & More
Informed Decisions
on Production of
Resistant Cultivars
Increased Efficacy of
Resistance Alleles
HQP from Project
enter Workplace
Adaptation to
climate change
Reduced
environmental
impacts