Transcript substance abuse powerpointx

Substance Abuse
• Today: Substance Abuse
Objectives:
– Students will be able to identify the different types of
drugs, how it is administered, and the effects on the body.
Essential Question:
How does drug use and addiction effect society
Life is Hard enough Video
Marijuana
• Nicknames: dope, weed, ganja, bud, grass,
reefer, pot
• Medical Use:
– Relief of glaucoma and cancer therapy’s side
effects
• Usual Method(s) of Administration:
– Smoked
– Orally
Marijuana
The effects on the body
• active ingredient THC creates feelings of mild
euphoria and relaxation
Risks
• affects memory and coordination
• long-term use may cause lung disease
Marijuana Short Video
Cocaine
• Nicknames: Coke, crack, flake, rock, snow,
blow
• Usual Method(s) of Administration:
– Injected
– Sniffed
– Smoked
Cocaine
Effects on the body
• central nervous system stimulant
• releases brain chemical dopamine
• temporarily increases energy
Risks
• can cause fatal heart and lung failure, seizures,
and strokes
• sharing needles to inject a liquid form of the drug
increases risk of contracting HIV, Hepatitis B and
C, and other infectious diseases
Heroin
• Nicknames: H, black tar, horse, smack
• Medicinal Uses:
– No Legal use
• Usual Method(s) of Administration:
– Injected
– Sniffed
– Smoked
Heroin
Effects on the body
• central nervous system depressant
• induces euphoria by releasing endorphins, hormones that
block pain and anxiety
Risks
• can cause vomiting, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and
miscarriage
• chronic users may develop collapsed veins, heart infections,
and liver disease
• sharing needles to inject heroin increases risk of contracting
HIV, Hepatitis B and C, and other infectious diseases
Famous Deaths due to Heroin
•John Belushi, actor and
comedian, was found dead
after being injected with a
mixture of heroin and cocaine.
•Kurt Cobain fattally shot
himself during a heroin high.
•Jim Morrison died from a heart
attack due to an overdose of
heroin.
Club Drugs
Interesting Drug Facts
• Can moderate drug use be safe:
– Moderate use can affect a person’s thinking and
reaction time. So, driving a car or making decisions
while you’re high can be risky
Why do drugs give you that “high” feeling?
- Many drugs mimic neurotransmitters, these are
chemicals that regulate good feelings. Drugs can also
damage the brain so it can’t release these chemicals
on its own. This can lead to depression and other
problems.
Interesting Drug Facts Cont’d
• Can any drug damage the body the first time?
– Yes, LSD, ecstasy, Methamphetamine and several
other drugs
• Damage can range from mood or memory problems to
long-term health problems.
Kinds of Club Drugs
Methamphetamine
PCP
LSD
Ecstasy
Common Street Names
CRYSTAL METH
SPEED
CHALK
POOR MAN’S COCAINE
ICE
SKETCH
YELLOW POWDER
Methamphetamine
• It is taken orally, snorted,
injected into the veins, or
smoked.
• Immediately after smoking
or intravenous injection, the
methamphetamine user
experiences an intense
sensation, called a "rush" or
"flash," that lasts only a few
minutes and is described as
extremely pleasurable.
• Taking meth orally or
snorting it produces
euphoria - a high, but
not a rush. Users may
become addicted
quickly, and use it with
increasing frequency
and in increasing doses.
What effects does methamphetamine have on
the body?
Short-term effects can include:
• Increased attention and
decreased fatigue
• Increased activity
• Decreased appetite
• Euphoria and rush
• Increased respiration
• Hypothermia
• Insomnia
Long-term effects can include:
• Dependence and addiction
psychosis
• Brain Damage
• Liver Damage
• Paranoia
• Hallucinations
• Mood disturbances
• Deficient Immune System
• Stroke
• Malnutrition
Direct Effects on the Brain
• Methamphetamine releases high levels of the
neurotransmitter dopamine, which stimulates
brain cells, enhancing mood and body
movement.
• Over time, methamphetamine appears to
cause reduced levels of dopamine, which can
result in symptoms like those of Parkinson's
disease, a severe movement disorder.
Picture of some of the commonly used
substances to manufacture
methamphetamine
What are some possible warning
signs of methamphetamine use?
• Sleeplessness
• Increased aggression
• Anorexia or severe lack of
appetite
• Tremors and/or
convulsions
• Lightheadedness
• Disconnected thoughts
• Depression
• Repetitious behaviors
(such as picking skin or
pulling hair out)
The Visual Effects of
Methamphetamine
LSD
• Slang or street name: Acid
– Is one of the major hallucinogens
used today
– It is manufactured from lysergic
acid, which is found in ergot, a
fungus that grows on rye and other
grains
- Can be tablets, capsules, and
occasionally liquid form.
- One dose would be 20-80
micrograms which is considerably
lower than the 1960’s when the
dosages ranged from 100-200
micrograms or higher.
LSD
• Effects of LSD occur
within 30-90 minutes.
• When using LSD
people experience a
“trip” (good or bad)
– Usually last about
12hours!!!!
• LSD users experience
severe, terrifying
thoughts and feelings,
fear of losing control,
and fear of insanity
and death.
• Many users
experience flashbacks
after using LSD.
LSD
• LSD is not considered an addictive drug,
BUT…LSD produces a tolerance. Therefore,
when using LSD repeatedly the user must
increase his/her dose every time to receive
the same intoxication which is extremely
dangerous.
PCP
• Phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP)
– Hallucinogen
• Nicknames:
– Angel Dust, hog, wack
• Information:
– Administered: Orally, smoked, or snorted
– First made as a tranquilizer for animals
– Causes some users to become so violent they commit
murder or suicide
– Others suffer seizures, coma, and death
PCP
• Effects on the body:
– there is a drop in blood pressure, pulse rate, and
respiration. This may be accompanied by nausea,
vomiting, blurred vision, flicking up and down of
the eyes, drooling, loss of balance, and dizziness.
High doses of PCP can also cause seizures, coma,
and death (though death more often results from
accidental injury or suicide during PCP
intoxication). Psychological effects at high doses
include illusions and hallucinations.
• Nicknames:
– Ecstasy, XTC, Adam, Clarity,
Lover’s speed, beans, and
rolls.
• According to the Office of
National Drug Control
Policy, the pills are
stamped with a variety of
logos. In L.A., for
example, the Nike
"swoosh" is used, while in
Sioux Falls, N.D., a
portrait of Buddha
appears on the pill. In
Columbia, S.C., the pills
are stamped with a
diamond image. In
Washington, D.C., the pill
features a Star of David.
Ecstasy
Ecstasy
Background:
-First synthesized in
Germany in 1912 as
an appetite
suppressant
- Was developed in
Germany where
psychologists
prescribed it for
marriage counseling.
Illegal
since 1985
Ecstasy
• Lasts about three to six
hours
– although the “high”
feeling lasts that long,
confusion, depression,
sleep problems, anxiety,
and paranoia have been
reported to occur
weeks after the drug is
taken.
Ecstasy
• It can cause a marked increase in body
temperature leading to muscle breakdown and
kidney and cardiovascular system failure.
• May also lead to heart attacks, strokes, and
seizures.
• Ecstasy tablets are
imprinted with various
logos to inspire brand
loyalty among abusers.