Transcript Principles of Oncology - Epidemiology of Cancer: Tobacco

KNH Research Symposium
Current Trends and Innovations in
management of Cancer
Topic:
Overview of Cancer
Past, Present, Future
Presenter : Dr. Opiyo, Anselmy
Head, Cancer Treatment Centre – KNH
Date: 13th April, 2012
KNH Research Symposium
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What is cancer?
Renaissance period
Nineteenth century
Cancer causes: Theories throughout history
Modern knowledge and cancer cause
Viral and chemical carcinogens
Cancer epidemiology
Cancer screening and early detection
Evolution of cancer treatments
Hormone therapy
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Cancer survivorship
The twenty-first century and beyond
Principles of Oncology
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- Epidemiology of Cancer: Tobacco
- Epidemiology of Tobacco and Cancer
- Tumour Induction in Laboratory
Animals by Tobacco products
- Carcinogens in Tobacco Products
- Relationship of Carcinogens to Specific
Cancers caused by Tobacco Products
- Overview of Mechanisms of Tumour
Induction by Tobacco Products
- Tobacco Carcinogen Biomarkers
Etiology of Cancer: Cancer
Susceptibility Syndromes
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- Principles of Cancer Susceptibility
- Genetic Testing
- Cancer Susceptibility syndromes
- Future Directions
Etiology of Cancer: Cancer
Susceptibility Syndromes
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- Principles of Cancer Susceptibility
- Genetic Testing
- Cancer Susceptibility syndromes
- Future Directions
Etiology of Cancer: Viruses
- RNA Viruses
- Retroviruses: Background, Replication
Cycle and
Molecular Genetics
- Mechanisms of Retroviral Oncogenesis
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 2
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- Hepatitis C Virus
DNA Viruses
- Hepadnaviruses and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Papillomaviruses and Human Cancer
Epstein-Barr Virus
Kaposi’s Sarcoma- Associated Herpesvirus
Polyomaviruses
Etiology of Cancer: Inflammation
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Tumour Immune Surveillance
Inflammation and Tumorigenesis
Inflammatory Cells and Stromal Cells in the Initiation of Neoplasia and in the
Tumour Microenvironment
Cellular Receptors Involved in the Modulation of Inflammation
Etiology of Cancer: Chemical Factors
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The Nature of Chemical Carcinogens: Chemistry and Metabolism
Animal Model Systems and Chemical Carcinogenesis
DNA Repair Protects the Host from Chemical Carcinogens
Genetic Susceptability to Chemical Carcinogenesis
Molecular Epidemiology, Chemical Carcinogenesis, and Cancer Risk in Human
Populations
Benzene as a Model for Gene-Environment Interaction
Etiology of Cancer: Physical Factors
- Interactions of Radiation with Cells and Tissues
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Ultra-violet Light
Asbestos
Etiology of Cancer: Dietary Factors
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Methodologic Challenges
Energy
Alcohol
Dietary Fat
Fruits and Vegetables
Fiber
Other Foods and Nutrients
Dietary Patterns
Diet during Early Phases of Life
Etiology of Cancer:Obesity and Physical
Activity
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Breast Cancer
Colon Cancer
Endometrial Cancer
Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagus
Kidney/Renal Cell Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Gallbladder Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Prostate Cancer
Lung Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Epidemiology of Cancer
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Epidemiology Methods
Descriptive Studies
- Analytical Studies
- Interpretation of Epidemiologic Findings
- Molecular Epidemiology
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Global Cancer Incidence (Surveillance, Epidemiology
and End Results Database)
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Data Sources and Measurements
Overall Cancer Risk
Incidence and Mortality Patterns for Common Cancers
Issues in Interpretating Temporal Trends
Changes in Cancer Mortality
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Cancer Surveillance Systems
Making Sense of Cancer Trends
Trends in Cancer Risk Factors
Cancer Trends
Predicting Future Cancer Trends
Principles of Surgical Oncology
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General Issues
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Historical Perspective
Anesthesia for Oncologic Surgery
Determination of Operative Risk
Roles of Surgery
Surgical Oncologist
Laparoscopic Surgery
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Physiology of Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy in the Diagnosis of Malignancy
Laparoscopy in the Staging of Malignancy
Laparoscopy in the Treatment of Malignancy
Laparoscopy in the Palliation of Malignancy
Principles of Radiation Oncology
- Biologic Aspects of Radiation Oncology
- Factors That Effect the Response of Tumours to
Radiation
- Tumour Oxygenation
- Hypoxic Cell Sensitizers and Cytotoxins
- Role of Hypoxia Imaging in Clinical Oncology
- Radiation Physics
- Treatment Planning
- Clinical Applications of Radiation Therapy
Principles of Medical Oncology
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Basic Principles
- Historical Perspective
- Clinical Application of Chemotherapy
- Principles of Cancer Cells Kinetic
- Principles Governing the Use of
Chemotherapy
- Dose Intensity and Combination
Chemotherapy
- Biology of Drug Resistance
- Mediator of Chemosensitivity
- Role of Bcl-2 Family Members in
- Mediating Chemosensitivity
- Signalling Pathway
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Assessment of Clinical Response
- Signal Endpoints Used to Assess Response to Different
Uses of Chemotherapy
Principles of Immunotherapy
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Categories of Tumour Antigens Can be Defined by
Expression Patterns
Cancer Therapies
Influence of Immune System on Tumour Development
Principles of Health Services Research
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Studies of Health Service
Patient-Reported Outcomes Assessment
The Economics of Cancer Care
Pharmacology of Cancer
Chemotherapy
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Drug Development
- Preclinical Development
- Clinical Development
Alkylating Agents
Cisplatin and Its Analogs
Antimetabolites
Topoisomerase-Interacting Agents
Antimicrotubule Agents
Pharmacology of Cancer
Biotherapeutics
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Antiangiogenesis Agents
Monoclonal Antibodies
Preventive Cancer Vaccines
Pharmacology of Endocrine
Manipulation
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Aromatase Inhibitors
Antiandrogens
Genetic Counseling
Cancer Screening
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Principles of Cancer Screening
Gastrointestinal Cancers
Gynecologic Cancers
Breast Cancer
Specialized Techniques in Cancer
Management
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Vascular Techniques in Cancer Management
Isolation Perfusion
Interventional Radiology
- Cardiopulmonary- Vascular System
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Liver Metastasis
Cholangiocarcinoma
Genitourinary
Musculoskeletal Cancer
Functional Imaging
Molecular Imaging
Role of Endoscopy in Cancer Management
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Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Respiratory Endoscopy
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THANK YOU