Transcript ADDICTIONS

ADDICTIONS
WHAT IS AN ADDICTION?
Addiction is a dependence on a
behavior or substance that a person is
powerless to stop.
Ex: gambling, spending, shopping,
eating, and using drugs/alcohol
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SUBSTANCE
DEPENDENCE/ADDICTION
1. Increase in the amount of alcohol or other drugs
used.
2. Trouble with parents, school or police.
3. Dramatic change in mood when drinking or using.
4. Denial of any problem.
5. Dishonesty with peers about drinking or using.
6. Failed attempts to quit or cut down on use.
7. Association with known heavy users.
8. Frequent excuses for using.
9. Protecting supply.
10. Low self-image.
11. Hangovers or bad trips.
12. Deterioration of school grades.
13. Stealing money.
14. Using substance while alone.
15. Loss of control while using or drinking.
16. Health problems – less energy, stamina, more
emotional ups and downs.
17. Suicidal thoughts or behaviours.
18. Relationships with friends become strained – loss
of friends, boy/girlfriend
19. Violent behaviour when high or drunk.
20. Preoccupation – you think about the substance all
the time.
21. Increase in frequency of use.
22. Increase in tolerance.
23. Memory loss.
24. Using substance in the morning.
25. Frequent broken promises.
26. Defensive when confronted.
CATEGORIES OF DRUGS
SMOKING
• Smoking is a hard habit to break because tobacco contains nicotine, which
is highly addictive. Like heroin or other addictive drugs, the body and mind
quickly become so used to the nicotine in cigarettes that a person needs to
have it just to feel normal.
• There are no physical reasons to start smoking. The body doesn't need
tobacco the way it needs food, water, sleep, and exercise. And many of the
chemicals in cigarettes, like nicotine and cyanide, are actually poisons that
can kill in high enough doses.
HOW SMOKING EFFECTS YOUR
HEALTH
• The body is smart. It goes on the defense when it's being poisoned. Firsttime smokers often feel pain or burning in the throat and lungs, and some
people feel sick or even throw up the first few times they try tobacco.
• Long term consequences, like heart disease, stroke, emphysema
(breakdown of lung tissue), and many types of cancer — including lung,
throat, stomach, and bladder cancer. People who smoke also have an
increased risk of infections like bronchitis and pneumonia.
• These diseases limit a person's ability to be normally active, and they can
be fatal. In the United States, smoking is responsible for about 1 out of 5
deaths.
Watch this video!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqqApcqKcY0
This video shows body parts and what smoking does to them.
TOXINS IN CIGARETTES
FACTS ON TEEN SMOKING
• Each day, between 82,000 and 99,000 young people around the world start
smoking.
• Smoking rates for youth climbed in the early 1990s, but have been slowly
declining.
• Almost 20 per cent of Canadian teens (aged 12-19) currently smoke (daily
or occasionally).
• In Canada, the smoking rates are generally higher among males than
females.
• On average, males smoke more cigarettes a day than females.
• Youth smokers make more attempts to quit smoking than adult smokers.
ALCOHOL
•
When people drink alcohol, it's absorbed into their bloodstream. From there, it
affects the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), which controls
virtually all body functions.
•
Alcohol is a depressant, which means it slows the function of the central
nervous system. Alcohol actually blocks some of the messages trying to get to
the brain. This alters a person's perceptions, emotions, movement, vision, and
hearing.
•
When large amounts of alcohol are consumed in a short period of time,
alcohol poisoning can result. Alcohol poisoning is exactly what it sounds like
— the body has become poisoned by large amounts of alcohol. Violent
vomiting is usually the first symptom of alcohol poisoning. Extreme sleepiness,
unconsciousness, difficulty breathing, dangerously low blood sugar, seizures,
and even death may result.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2k9xik7Heg
WHY YOU SHOULDN’T DRINK!
• It’s illegal until you are 19!
• The punishment is severe. Teens who drink put themselves at risk for
obvious problems with the law (it's illegal; you can get arrested). Teens
who drink are also more likely to get into fights and commit crimes than
those who don't.
• People who drink regularly also often have problems with school. Drinking
can damage a student's ability to study well and get decent grades, as well
as affect sports performance (the coordination thing).
• You can look really stupid. The impression is that drinking is cool, but
the nervous system changes that come from drinking alcohol can make
people do stupid or embarrassing things, like throwing up. Drinking also
gives people bad breath,.
• Alcohol puts your health at risk. Teens who drink are more likely to be
sexually active and to have unsafe, unprotected sex. Resulting pregnancies
and sexually transmitted infections can change — or even end — lives.
• The risk of injuring yourself, maybe even fatally, is higher when you're
under the influence, too. One half of all drowning deaths among teen guys
are related to alcohol use. Use of alcohol greatly increases the chance that a
teen will be involved in a car crash, homicide, or suicide.
CAFFEINE
•
Caffeine is a drug that is naturally produced in the leaves and seeds of many
plants. It's also produced artificially and added to certain foods. Caffeine is
defined as a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system, causing
increased alertness. Caffeine gives most people a temporary energy boost and
elevates mood.
•
Caffeine is in tea, coffee, chocolate, many soft drinks, and pain relievers and
other over-the-counter medications. In its natural form, caffeine tastes very
bitter. But most caffeinated drinks have gone through enough processing to
camouflage the bitter taste.
•
Teens usually get most of their caffeine from soft drinks and energy drinks. (In
addition to caffeine, these also can have added sugar and artificial flavors.)
Caffeine is not stored in the body, but you may feel its effects for up to 6
hours.
EFFECTS
• Many people feel that caffeine increases their mental alertness. Higher
doses of caffeine can cause anxiety, dizziness, headaches, and the jitters.
Caffeine can also interfere with normal sleep.
• Caffeine is a diuretic, meaning it causes a person to urinate (pee) more.
• Caffeine may also cause the body to lose calcium, and that can lead to
bone loss over time. Drinking caffeine-containing soft drinks and coffee
instead of milk can have an even greater impact on bone density and the
risk of developing osteoporosis
• Caffeine can aggravate certain heart problems. It may also interact with
some medications or supplements. If you are stressed or anxious, caffeine
can make these feelings worse. Although caffeine is sometimes used to
treat migraine headaches, it can make headaches worse for some people.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AYU0mi-d1o&feature=related
Watch the video!
MARIJUANA
• Marijuana is the most widely used illegal drug. It is a dry, shredded
green/brown mix of flowers, stems, and leaves of the plant Cannabis
sativa. A stronger form of marijuana called hashish (hash) looks like brown
or black cakes or balls. The many street names for marijuana include pot,
herb, weed, grass, Jane, reefer, dope, and ganja. It is a depressant
SHORT TERM EFFECTS OF
MARIJUANA
•
The main active chemical in marijuana is THC. When smoked, THC passes
from the lungs into the bloodstream, which transports it to the brain and other
organs. When it reaches the brain, THC connects with a certain type of
receptor on nerve cells in areas that affect coordination, thought, memory,
concentration, sensory and time perception, and pleasure. This causes the
marijuana "high.“
•
•
•
•
•
•
Marijuana users can experience these short-term effects:
difficulty in thinking and problem solving
problems with memory and learning
loss of coordination
distorted perception
These effects can make activities like driving dangerous while under the
influence of the drug.
LONG TERM EFFECTS OF
MARIJUANA
•
•
•
•
Infertility
Breathing problems
Changes the brain and blood pressure
Emotional disorders can occur like anxiety and schizophrenia .
COCAINE
•
Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant drug. The powdered hydrochloride
salt form of cocaine can be snorted or dissolved in water and then injected.
•
Cocaine is a strong central nervous system stimulant that increases levels of
dopamine, a brain chemical (or neurotransmitter) associated with pleasure and
movement, in the brain’s reward circuit
•
Abusing cocaine has a variety of adverse effects on the body. For example,
cocaine constricts blood vessels, dilates pupils, and increases body temperature,
heart rate, and blood pressure. It can also cause headaches and gastrointestinal
complications such as abdominal pain and nausea. Because cocaine tends to
decrease appetite, chronic users can become malnourished as well.
STATISTICS
Major findings from the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring
Survey (CADUMS) 2010
• Among Canadians 15 years and older, the prevalence of past-year cannabis
use decreased from 14.1% in 2004 to 10.7% in 2010.
• The prevalence of past-year cannabis use decreased, among youth aged 15
to 24 years, from 37.0% in 2004 to 25.1% in 2010.
• Among Canadians 15 years and older, the prevalence of past-year cocaine
or crack decreased from 1.9% in 2004 to 1.2% in 2010, while past-year use
of hallucinogens (0.9%), ecstasy (0.7%) and speed (0.5%) is comparable to
the rates of use reported in 2004.
• Among youth, aged 15 to 24 years, past-year use of at least one of 5 illicit
drugs (cocaine or crack, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, and heroin)
decreased from 11.3% in 2004 to 7.0% in 2010.
• The rate of drug use by youth 15-24 years of age remains much higher
than that reported by adults 25 years and older: three times higher for
cannabis use (25.1% versus 7.9%), and almost nine times higher for pastyear use of any drug excluding cannabis (7.9% versus 0.8%).
HOW TO GET HELP
If you have an addiction or are concerned about someone with an addiction
you can:
• Talk to a person you trust
• Talk to the person with the addiction
• Talk to Mrs. Drury
• Call Sussex Addiction and Mental Health Services 432-2090
SOURCES
http://kidshealth.org/teen/drug_alcohol/drugs/drinking_drug_problem.html
#cat20140
http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/infofacts/cocaine
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hc-ps/drugs-drogues/stat/index-eng.php
ASSIGNMENT
• Read the information
• Create a brochure on the computer that explains: what an addiction is,
signs of an addiction, explain how addictions are harmful to your health
and how to get help.
• Due at the end of class.
CATEGORY
Attractiveness &
Organization
(Organization)
(4) Excellent
(3) Good
The brochure has The brochure
exceptionally
has attractive
attractive
formatting and
formatting and well-organized
well-organized information.
information.
Content - Accuracy The brochure has The brochure
(Ideas)
all of the
has all of the
required
required
information (see information (see
above) and is
above.).
written with lots
of details
Writing Mechanics
(Conventions)
All of the writing
is done in
complete
sentences.
Capitalization
and punctuation
are correct
throughout the
brochure.
Graphics/Pictures The graphics go
well with the text
and there is a
good mix of text
and graphics.
(2) Almost
(1) Not Yet
The brochure
has wellorganized
information.
The brochure's
formatting and
organization of
material are
confusing to the
reader.
The brochure
has most of the
required
information (see
above).
The brochure has
little of the
required
information (see
above).
Most of the
Some of the
Most of the
writing is done in writing is done in writing is not
complete
complete
done in complete
sentences. Most sentences. Some sentences. Most
of the
of the
of the
capitalization and capitalization and capitalization and
punctuation are punctuation are punctuation are
correct
correct
not correct
throughout the throughout the throughout the
brochure.
brochure.
brochure.
The graphics go
well with the
text, but there
are so many that
they distract
from the text.
The graphics go
well with the
text, but there
are too few.
The graphics do
not go with the
accompanying
text or appear to
be randomly
chosen.