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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE TAP 21
Contributor: Lori Phelps
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Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
RATIONALE FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
FOR ADDICTION COUNSELORS
• Evolution of Addiction Counseling
• “national standard” of 315 hours
• 12 core functions
• Birch and Davis study (1986)
• TAP 21 (1997)
• New developments in our understanding of
addiction
• College degrees have become preferred over
the original “national standard”
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Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
Technical Assistance Publication
(TAP) 21
 Addiction Counseling Competencies: The
Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes of
Professional Practice, Technical Assistance
Publication (TAP) Series 21.
 First published in 1997 by
 Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration (SAMHSA) and the
Center for Substance Abuse Treatment
(CSAT)
 Evidence-based
 123 competencies and underlying
Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes (KSAs)
 Revised in 2000
 Repackaged and presented in a new format
in 2005
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HISTORY OF THE COMPETENCIES
 Goal: to replace/update Birch-Davis (1986) with
addiction-specific research
 Addiction Technology Transfer Centers (ATTCs)
 National Curriculum Committee
 Researched existing practice and professional
literature
 Developed extensive list of addiction practice
competencies
 Conducted a national survey to validate the
competencies
 Published TAP 21 in 1997
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators , 2015
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THE MODEL: KNOWLEDGE,
SKILLS, AND ATTITUDES
 Three characteristics of competency:
 Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes (KSAs)
 Transdisciplinary foundations (four discrete building
blocks)
 understanding addiction
 treatment knowledge
 application to practice
 professional readiness
 Transdisciplinary (e.g., medicine, social work,
pastoral guidance, corrections, social welfare)
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators , 2015
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8 PRACTICE DIMENSIONS
 The professional practice needs of addiction counselors
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Clinical evaluation (screening and assessment)
Treatment planning
Referral
Service coordination
Counseling
Client, family and community education
Documentation
Professional and ethical responsibilities
 Each practice dimension includes a set of competencies
 Within each competency are the KSAs necessary for
effective addiction counseling
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
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COMPONENTS IN THE COMPETENCIES MODEL
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Comparison: 8 Practice Dimensions (Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes)
and 12 Core Functions
12 Core Functions
8 Practice Dimensions (KSAs)
1. Clinical evaluation (screening and
assessment)
2. Treatment planning
3. Referral
4. Service coordination*
5. Counseling
6. Client, family and community education
7. Documentation
8. Professional and ethical responsibilities
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Screening
Intake
Orientation
Assessment
Treatment planning
Counseling
Case management*
Crisis intervention
Client education
Referral
Reports and record keeping
Consultation
Service Coordination
Case Management
The administrative, clinical, and evaluative
activities that bring the client, treatment services,
community agencies, and other resources
together to focus on issues and needs identified
in the treatment plan.
Activities intended to bring services, agencies,
resources, or people together within a planned
framework of action toward the achievement of
established goals. It may involve liaison activities and
collateral contacts.
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Source: Waters, 2005
SAMHSA Model Scopes Of Practice and
Career Ladder (2011)
Education
Allowable practice setting
Entry level
Substance Use Disorder
Technician
GED/High School
Diploma + 150 hours addiction
courses + 6 hours ethics
Works under clinical supervision
Category 1
Associate Substance
Use Disorder Counselor
Associate's degree (incl. 100
hours addiction coursework)
Works under clinical
Supervision
Category 2
Substance Use Disorder
Counselor
Bachelor's degree (incl. 200
hours addiction coursework)
Works under clinical supervision
Category 3
Clinical Substance Use
Disorder Counselor
Master’s or other post graduate
Works under clinical
degree (incl. 300 hours
supervision; intern level
addiction coursework)
Category 4
Independent Clinical
Substance Use Disorder
Counselor/Supervisor
Master’s or other post graduate Licensed to practice
degree
independently
Category Title
THE CAADE CATC TIERED SYSTEM
CALIFORNIA ASSOCIATION FOR ALCOHOL/DRUG EDUCATORS
Credential Title
CATC (Basic)
CATC I
CATC II
CATC III
CATC IV
CATC V
CATC N
I, II, III, IV, V
Education
GED/High School Diploma plus 315 hours
(21 units) of addiction specific
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor
education/training
36-unit certificate from CAADE accredited
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor I
college
AA/AS degree plus minimum CATC
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor II
education requirements
BA/BS degree plus minimum CATC
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor III
education requirements
MA/M degree plus minimum CATC
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor IV
education requirements
Ph.D., Psy.D., MD or other doctoral degree
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor V plus minimum CATC education
requirements
R.N. Registered Nurse plus meets minimum
Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor N CATC education requirements 1-10
CATC V
PhD/MD
N/A
CATC IV
MA/MS Degree
CATEGORY 3/4
MA/MS Degree
CATC III
BA/BS Degree
CATEGORY 2
BA/BS Degree
CATC II
AA/AS Degree
CATEGORY 1
AA/AS Degree
CATC/CATC I
Certificate
SUD Technician
CAADE  SAMHSA
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STANDARDIZED CURRICULUM
 Professionalization of Addiction Counseling
by creating a standardized national
curriculum
 CAADE (California Association for
Alcohol/Drug Studies)
 Guidelines for Alcohol/Drug Studies within Higher
Education (1985)
 National Addiction Studies Accreditation
Commission (NASAC)
 2010
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
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• California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators:
www.caade.org
• California Department of Health Care Services:
www.dhcs.ca.gov
• Center for Substance Abuse Treatment:
www.samhsa.gov/about/csat.aspx
• International Certification and Reciprocity Consortium:
internationalcredentialing.org/
• International Coalition of Addiction Studies Education:
www.incase.org
• National Association of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
Counselors: www.naadac.org
• National Addiction Studies Accreditation Commission:
www.nasacaccreditation.com/
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Publication Ordering: www.store.samhsa.gov
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VIDEOS/WEBCASTS
 Imagine Who You Could Save
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ny5t
ahISA5I&feature=youtu.be
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
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VIDEOS/WEBCASTS
 Amazing Grace
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90cfMSqAj0
o&feature=youtu.be
Lori L. Phelps
California Association for Alcohol/Drug Educators, 2015
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