Transcript Powerpoint

HIV prevention needs of
transgender sex workers in Serbia
Dr.Dragan Ilic
Association Against AIDS – JAZAS
Institute for Students’ Health Belgrade, Serbia
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
THE FACTS
(from previous research)
1.Sex workers are “hard to reach “ group for
preventive activities
Reasons
•Illegal status
•High level of stigma
•Discriminatory treatment in institutions
•Persecution by police
•Violence by police, pimps, clients, others
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
THE FACTS
(from previous research)
• 2.Transgender sex workers are a subgroup among
others SW
Reasons
• Higher degree of isolation
• More frequent drug use
• Added risk (non sterile injecting equipment for
hormone therapy)
• Multiple form of stigma and discrimination
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
The reasons for selecting this group
Very little is known about transgender
people in Serbia
Even less is known about transgender
sex workers
No specific preventive or any programs
targeting them
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
Research goals
To learn about preventive needs of
transgender SW
To provide necessary data for strategy and
planning
To determine the similarities and differences
of transgender SW in comparison to others.
Research methodology
Snow ball sample
Inclusion criteria
*all sw ( M, W and TG ) who sold sexual services in last 12
months
*18 or older
*working on the street and indoor
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
RESULTS -1
Overall 250 SW were
included
55 MEN
44 TRANSGENDER
155
WOMEN
 Education
Tg. do not differ
40% have no education
 Ethnicity
Tg. are mostly of Roma
ethnicity-which adds anoter
level of preventive needs
MULTIPLE
DISCRIMINATION
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
RESULTS -2
 Violence
Percentage of TG persons (52,5%) who were
victims of violence –significantly higher than
other SW.
Fear of violence is the reason why transgender sex workers work on
the streets statistically significantly less than other sex workers:
exposure to violence from clients and from the police is much higher
on the street
 Auto-stigma,feeling of shame and quilt
Among TG SW (47,5%) significantly higher than among
others
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
RESULTS -3
 Condom usage
87% claim to have used condom during last sexual
intercourse
 Psyshoactive druge use and intravenous drug use.
TG do not differ
 Health servicess accessibility
TG do not differ - 25% of TG have given up from trying
to access any kind of services for fear of being
exposed as SW or transgender
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
CONCLUSIONS
what make trans gender SW a subgroup
Mostly Roma
Multiple discrimination
High level of violence
Very low socioeconomic and educational status
Inability to access health services
High level of auto stigma
Double HIV risk (drugs and hormones non sterile
injections)
• Inadequate self assessment of risk
• Numerous sexual partners
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www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Their preventive needs cannot be met through preventive
programs designed for all SW.
• Special programs and interventions are needed
Expected results
 Awareness raising about human and HIV preventive
rights of TG people, SW.
 Visibility and affirmation of transgender identities
 Raising self efficacy and self confidence
 Diminishing HIV risk
www.aids2012.org
Washington D.C., USA, 22-27 July 2012