Transcript Transdermal Drug Delivery System TDDS IN USE

TRANSDERMAL DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEM
Ms.Wajiha Iffat
M.Pharm
DEFINITION
TYPES OF TDDS
FACTORS AFFECTING TDDS
TDDS IN USE
Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS)
A self-contained, discrete dosage form
It delivers a drug through intact skin at a
controlled rate into the systemic circulation
Delivery rate is controlled by the skin or
membrane in the delivery system
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
• TDDS:
• A sophisticated complex drug delivery system difficult
to formulate. It requires specialized manufacturing
process/equipment.
• Formulated to meet specific biopharmaceutical and
functional characteristics. The materials of
construction, configuration and combination of the
drug with the proper cosolvent, excipient, penetration
enhancer, and membrane are carefully selected and
matched to optimize adhesive properties and drug
delivery requirements.
• Formulated to deliver the drug at optimized rate into
the systemic circulation
– should adhere to the skin for the expected duration
– should not cause any skin irritation and/or sensitization
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
• Types of TDS
• Liquid Reservoir Patch
• Drug in solution or suspension between the backing layer and a rate
controlling membrane.
Active, gelling agent, solvent, penetration enhancer, adhesive, membrane,
backing, release liner
• Drug in Adhesive Patch
• Drug dispersed in adhesive, in direct contact with skin.
• Active, pressure sensitive adhesive, solvent, penetration enhancer, backing,
release liner
• Polymer Matrix Patch
• Drug in solution or suspension dispersed within a polymer
• Multi-laminate Matrix Patch
• Drug dispersed in adhesive in multi-layers separated by membranes
Transdermal Drug Delivery
System
• TDDS IN USE:
• GLYCERYL TRINITRATE & ISOSORBIDE
DI NITRATE for treatment of angina ,
Congestive heart failure & myocardial
infarction.
• Designed to deliver drug for 24 hrs
• Applied to chest area.
• Free drug period necessary to prevent
tolerance.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
• TRANDERMAL ESTRADIOL
• Estradiol for alleviation of menopausal
symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis.
• Treat symptoms of menopausal or post
menopausal such as flushing & vaginal atropy.
• these patches are applied once or twice weekly
to skin below the waist ( away from breast .
• They can used alone or in combination with
progestogens.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
• TRANDERMAL NICOTINE
• Nicotine in the alleviation of with drawl symptoms in
smoking cessation provides an alternative route of
administration to the gum, sprays etc.
• Patches are used for 16-24 hrs period & are available
in the range of strength – rate of delivery of nicotine.
• They provide high plasma level obtained from
smoking. they may other beneficial status in other
disease states.
• Applied to the trunk.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
• TRANDERMAL HYOSCINE:
•
•
•
•
•
to treat symptoms of travel sickness. For up to 24hrs.
Applied to behind of ear.
70% control of patch.
Dry mouth: instrumentalist in orchestra –decrease salivation
Decrease side effect of oral hyoscine: excitement,vertigo ,confusion
& hallucination
• Control emetic side effect of anti cancer drug
• Inhibits sickness & control vertigo
• Testestrone: applied to the trunk .used for hormone replacement.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
•
•
•
•
•
Advantages:
Continual drug delivery
No drug deactivation by gastric juices
No first pass effect
Cessation of treatment by removal of
patch.
Transdermal Drug Delivery
System
• Disadvantages:
• Only potent drug to be incorporated.
• Small quantity absorbed so lipid soluble drug are
effective.
• Durg with long half life …not suitable.
• Localized reaction because of irritancy of
drug.e.g, clonidine (new patch to be placed each
time.
• Steady state blood level have produced
tolerence.16 hr patch .& 8 hr free time.
•
•
•
•
Method of use:
Applied to clear dry skin
Old patch to be removed first
Area of application to be different from
previous location.( to maintain same level
of absorption.
• Patch to be disposed of care fully.
• Patch should be folded together to avoid
being stuck to other person.