Transcript File
March 9th, 2009 • Create a list of your daily habits and preferences. How did you acquire these? 6.1 • Stimulus: something that produces a reaction • Classical Conditioning: a simple form of learning; one stimulus provokes the response that is usually called forth by another stimulus 6.1 • Pavlov measured dogs’ saliva when given meat • Paired meat with ringing of bell, so that dogs came to expect meat when bell was rang • After time, when bell was rang but no meat given, dogs still salivated 6.1 • Unconditioned Stimulus (US): a stimulus that causes an automatic response (meat) • Unconditioned response (UR): an automatic response (drooling) • Conditioned Stimulus (CS): a previously meaningless stimulus that, because of a paring with an US, now causes a conditioned response (bell) • Conditioned Response (CR): learned response to a stimulus that was previously meaningless (drooling when bell rung) • Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. • US: The hot water • UR: jumping back • CS: The toilet flush • CR: The jumping back to the flush alone • An individual receives frequent injections of drugs, which are administered in a small examination room at a clinic. The drug itself causes increased heart rate but after several trips to the clinic, simply being in a small room causes an increased heart rate. • US: The drug • UR: The accelerated heart rate • CS: The small room • CR: The accelerated heart rate to the room • John Watson conducted an experiment with a boy named Albert in which he paired a white rat with a loud, startling noise. Albert now becomes startled at the sight of the white rat. • • • • US: loud noise UR: Albert is startled CS: White rat CR: Albert is startled by rat • Individually, come up with four examples of classical conditioning, following the format that we have just used in class. For each, list the US, UR, CS, and CR.