Transcript Gokhru - hcopgnt

Gokhru and Punarnava
Diuretics
OBJECTIVE
On completion of this period you would be able to
know about :
The monographs of the Diuretic drugs
Gokhru and
Punarnava
DEFINITION OF DIURETICS
• DIURETICS increase the excretion of urine
especially the ECF (Extra Cellular Fluid)
• Clinically useful diuretics increase the excretion
of sodium ion there by decreasing
the reabsorption of water and solutes
• Known as the Diuretic response
Gokhru
Fig.47.1 Tribulus terrestris plant
GOKHRU
Syn: Chota Gokhru (Hindi), Palleru (Telugu),
Puncture vine, Goat’s Head
• Biological Source :
Dried ripened fruits of
Tribulus terrestris
• Family: Zygophylaceae
• Geographical Source:
India, Srilanka, Tibet
Fig.47.2 Gokhru plant
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
FRUIT
• Size
: 1-1.5 cm
• Shape
: Globose fruits
consisting of 5-10
woody cocci each
with 2 pairs of
hard and sharp
divergent spines
• Colour : Greenish to grey
• Odour
: Odourless
Fig.47.3 Gokhru fruit
Fig.47.4 Gokhru fruits
Fig.47.5 Tribulus terrestris dry fruits
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
•
Contains
Saponin Glycosides
which on hydrolysis give
Diosgenin
Ruscogenin
Gitogenin
•
Contains
Alkaloids
Harmine and Harman
•
Also contains
Flavone glycosides and fixed oils
USES
• Used as a Diuretic and tonic in the treatment of Renal
Calculus and painful Micturition
• Used as an Aphrodisiac
• In the treatment of Gout, Nephritis and Kidney stones
• Ingredient in Ayurvedic Preparations
DASHAMOOLARISHTA and CHYAVANPRASH
PUNARNAVA
Syn. : Rakta punarnava,Hog weed
• Biological Source
: Fresh or dried herb of
Boerhaavia diffusa
• Family
: Nyctaginaceae
• Geographical Source
: Widely distributed in India
Fig. 47.6 Boerhavia diffusa
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
LEAF
• Size
: 25-30 mm long
• Shape
: Ovate
• Colour
: Green on upper
surface Whitish on
lower surface
Fig. 47.7 Punarnava
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
Stems
: Greenish-Purple
Flowers:
Colour : Pink on the upper part
Odour : Odourless
Taste : Bitter
Fig. 47.8 Punarnava
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
• Alkaloids (0.04%)
: PUNARNAVINE
• Nitrogenous compounds : Allointoin,
• Also contains
Potassium nitrate(6%)
Urosolic acid
β-sitosterol
Palmitic acid,
Stearic acid,
Arachidic acid,
USES
• Used as a diuretic, expectorant and stomachic
• In the treatment of jaundice
• In cases of loss of digestive power, enlargement of
spleen and abdominal pains
• Also used in oedema, ascites and asthma
• In large doses as emetic and in heart diseases
SUMMARY
In this class we learnt about :
• The monographs of drugs
• Punarnava and Gokhru
• Sources, Morphology
• Chemical constituents and the Uses
QUIZ
Q 1) Gokhru belongs to the Family
a) Leguminosae
b) Compositae
c) Zygophyllaceae
d) Caryophyllaceae
QUIZ
Q 2) Which part of the plant Gokhru is used as a
drug?
a) Leaves
b) Stem
c) Root
d) Fruit
QUIZ
Q 3) Punarnava is
a) Cardiaotonic
b) Anti-diabetic
c) CNS drug
d) Diuretic
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
1.
What are Diuretics? Give two examples
2.
Mention the Botanical sources and Macroscopy of
Gokhru and Punarnava
3. Write the Chemical constituents and Uses of Gokhru
4. Write the Chemical constituents and Uses of
Punarnava