Transcript Introduction to Computers for Engineers

Ceramics and Materials
Engineering
Nanomaterials
What are Nanomaterials?
Structures or materials who have characteristic length scales (sizes) in
1-D, 2-D or 3-D that are ~ 10-9 meters (nano-meters, nm, 1/1,000,000,000
of a meter, 1 nm is ~ 3-4 atoms wide)
Materials, structures or systems where behavior and control of processes
are at the atomic or molecular level
Materials that exhibit novel (unexpected) properties, behavior and
phenomena
It takes 1000
1 nm particles
to = diameter
of a human hair
• The Rutgers University budget
is ~ $ 1,000,000,000.
Thus $1.00 is a nano-element of the budget
1000
atoms
2.5 nm
2.5 nm
A box 2.5 nm on a side would
hold ~ 1000 atoms
•
4 mm is a nano-element
of the distance from NY to LA
Nanotechnology : The Challenge
Lucent Technologies
Bell Labs Innovations
What Will Nanomaterials Do For Society?
Nano-electronics, quantum computing, super-capacitors, superbatteries, bio-hazard sensors, 1000 CD’s on your wrist, novel drugs and
drug delivery systems, cellular repair, artificial organs, miniature
airplanes, e-ink, self assembly, super-armor, transparent armor, lab on a
chip, nano- bio-informatics
Total societal impact far greater than silicon microelectronics integrated
circuit revolution of the 20th century
Next technological revolution
Molecular dynamic simulations of water adsorption at glass interface
S. H. Garofalini, Rutgers, University
Electron microscope image of agar derived nano-gel
used for metal and ceramic injection molding
K. Labropoulos, Ph. D. Thesis, Rutgers University, May, 2001
Nanomaterials for Information Storage
•
•
Self Assembled/ Ordering of 4 nm Fe/Pt nanoparticles
Nanomaterials will yield areal storage densities > 100
Gigabits/square inch
C60, Buckeyballs, Carbon Nanotubes:
New Structure of Matter
Carbon Nanotubes (CNT’s)
for Flat Panel Displays
Super Hydrophobic Aligned C-Nanotubes
Functionalized Surfaces for Targeting Cells
Carbon Nanotubes
The Space Crane Material
ZnO Nanostructures and Their Applications


ZnO has wide and direct bandgap of 3.3 eV which can be
engineered by alloying with MgO or CdO ; it is
piezoelectric.
ZnO nanotips and nanotip arrays have applications in:
 field-emission (displays and near field optical probing)
 nano-lasers
 photonic bandgap devices (PBG)
 biomedical sensors
(DNA, protein binding sites, etc.)
 STM & AFM
ZnO nanotips on C-sapphire
ZnO nanotip array on GaN
APPLICATIONS
• Thin film batteries
• Fiber optics
• Catalysis
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF GLASS
• Micro-electrical-mechanical
systems
WATER MOLECULES (IN GREEN AND
RED!) ON GLASS
• Electrochromic devices
• Environment
CRYSTAL/GLASS INTERFACES
The Foundation
of Engineering
Technology
ATOMISTIC ROUGHNESS
OF GLASS SURFACE