Transcript Dev Disorders For UW 4

CLINICAL PICTURE
Course of the Disorder – Psychosocial Impairments
Functional Impairments
Symptom domains
Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
+
SELF – low self esteem
accidents
substance abuse
delinquency
Lead to
Psychiatric Co-morbidities
Conduct disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Anxiety and Mood
Disorders
Zuddas, ADHD in Europe, 2004
SCHOOL- academic
difficulties
underachievement
HOME- Family stress
Parenting difficulties
SOCIAL- Poor peer relation
ships
Low self esteem, poor social skills , challenging behavior
Substance
abuse
UNMANAGED ADHD
leads to COMPLICATIONS
School
Extension
Mood disorder
Conduct
disorder
ADHD
only
Age
Disruptive
behavior
ODD
LD
6
Complex LD
10
14-16
Adapted from American Psychiatric Association m DSM IV TR 2000
ADHD : Treatment Goals
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Decrease disruptive/setting –inappropriate
behaviors
Improve relationship with parents, siblings,
teachers or peers
Improve academic performance
Improve self esteem
Improve organizational skills and overall
executive functioning
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2004
ADHD: Treatment Options
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Educational Accomodations
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Behavior Therapy
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Classroom placement, special education, tutoring,
private schools
Parent training, social skills training, behavior
modification, daily report card
Medications
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Stimulants, nonstimulants, tricyclic
antidepressants
FDA-Approved Pharmacotherapy
Stimulant Medications
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Methylphenidate
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Ritalin ®
Concerta ®
Ritalin LA ®
Methylin ®
Focalin ®
Metadate CD
Amphetamine Mixed
Salts
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Adderall ®
Aderall XR ®
Not available in drugstores
Prognosis of ADHD
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Symptoms of ADHD persist throughout
childhood
70% continue to have the disorder in
adolescence, with 10-60% to adulthood
More likely to persist in those with
aggression or conduct problems
Untreated adults have increased incidence
of aggressive behavior, antisocial and
conduct disorder, divorce, alcohol and drug
abuse
Life Expectancy
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Adults with ADHD may achieve lower
socioeconomic status and have more marital
problems than do the general population
They have the same life expectancy
Developmental Disabilities
Down Syndrome
Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Learning Disabilities
Birth---Infancy-----Early Childhood----School Age ---Adolescence
Cerebral palsy
ADHD