Transcript Acacia catechu

Astringents
Catechu
Recap
In the last class we learnt about
The Monograph of Cinnamon
Its Biological source
Morphological characters
Chemical constituents and
Uses
Objectives
On the completion of this period you would be
able to know:
ASTRINGENTS
Monographs of BLACK CATECHU
and
PALE CATECHU
Astringents
•
Astringents are the substances which precipitate
the proteins by forming complexes
•
Cause contraction of organic tissue and muscular
living fibres.
•
Capable of arresting Haemorrhages
•
Reducing secretions of mucous membrane of
stomach and intestine.
Astringents
•
Acts as anti-coagulants
•
Anti-perspirants
•
Anti-microbial agents
•
Styptic and Antidiarrhoeal agents
Astringents
Astringents may be vegetable or mineral origins
1. Vegetable : Tannic acid, Myrobalan, Bahera, Catechu.
2. Mineral
: Salts of Aluminium, Bismuth, Barium,
Copper and Zinc.
Black Catechu
Synonym
: Cutch, Katha, Khadir, Khair
Biological Source : Dried aqueous extract
prepared from the heartwood of
the plant
Acacia catechu
Family
: Leguminosae
Black Catechu
Geographical Source :
•
INDIA
•
BURMA
Black Catechu
Organoleptic characters:
Colour
: Light Brown to Black
Odour
: None
Taste
: Very astringent
Size
: About 2.5 to 5 cm
Shape
: Cubes or irregular fragments of broken
Cubes or Brick shaped pieces.
Black Catechu
Chemical Constituents :
•
4 to 12%
Acacatechin or Acacia catechin
•
25 to 30%
Catechu tannic acid
•
Catechu red
•
Quercetin
•
20 to 30%
Gum
Black Catechu
Chemical tests :
1. With Ferric Chloride solution, it gives Bluish-black
colour.
2. With Vanillin and Hydrochloric acid Black Catechu
gives Pink or Red colour.
3. Aqueous solution of Black Catechu with Lime Water
gives Brown colour.
Black Catechu
Uses :
•
Astringent
•
Digestant
•
Expectorant
•
Used in Diarrhoea
•
In lozenges and fishing nets as preservative
•
In the manufacture of Stencils and Printer inks
Pale Catechu
Synonym
: Gambier Catechu
Biological Source : Dried aqueous extract of
leaves and shoots of
Uncaria gambier
Family
: Rubiaceae
Pale Catechu
Geographical Source :
•
Malaysia
•
Indonesia
•
Borneo
Pale Catechu
Organoleptic characters:
Colour
: Reddish – brown
Odour
: None
Taste
: Astringent
Shape
: cubes
Size
: Each side of cube is about 2.5cm
Pale Catechu
Chemical Constituents :
• 7 - 33%
Catechin
• 22 – 50%
Catechu tannic acid
•
Catechu red
•
Quercetin
•
Gambier-fluorescein
Pale Catechu
Chemical tests :
1. Dip a match-stick in decoction of catechu then dry
in air and again dip it in Con. Hydrochloric acid and
warm it near a burner.
Purple colour
Pale Catechu
Chemical tests :
2. Test for Gambier fluorescein :
Extract powered drug with alcohol. To the filtrate
add Sodium hydroxide, shake , add few drops of
light petroleum, shake again and allow to stand
petroleum layer emits
Green fluorescence
Pale Catechu
Chemical tests :
3. Chloroform extract of the drug in white porcelain
dish shows Greenish-yellow colour due to
Chlorophyll.
2nd and 3rd tests are negative for Black Catechu.
Pale Catechu
Chemical tests :
4. With Vanillin and HCl, it shows Pink or Red
colour.
Pale Catechu
Uses
• Astringent
• Expectorant
• Used in Diarrhoea and in Lozenges
• In Dyeing and Tanning industries
Summary
In this class we learnt about :
The monograph Black Catechu
Consists of dried aqueous extract of heartwood of the plant
Acacia catechu
Belongs to the family Leguminosae
Contains Acacatechin as main chemical constituent
Used as Astringent & Digestant.
Summary
In this class we learnt about
Pale Catechu
Consists of dried aqueous extract of leaves and shoots of
the plant Uncaria gambier
Belongs to the Family Rubiaceae
Contains Catechin and Catechu tannic acid
Used as Astringent.
Quiz
1. Black Catechu belongs to the family
a. Zingiberaceae
b. Leguminosae
c. Myrtaceae
d. Umbelliferae
Quiz
2. Pale Catechu belongs to the family
a. Zingiberaceae
b. Leguminosae
c. Myrtaceae
d. Rubiaceae
Quiz
3.Pale Catechu is used as
a. Anti-pyretic
b. Astringent
c. Anti-diabetic
d. Anti-viral
Quiz
4. Black Catechu is used as
a. Antipyretic
b. Astringent
c. Antidiabetic
d. Antiviral
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Write the Biological source, Active chemical
constituents and one chemical test of Catechu.
2. Write the differences between Black Catechu and
Pale Catechu.