Transcript The origin of racial problems

Social problems
in the united states
Contents
Racial problems
Poverty
Drug abuse
Crime
The Abuse of Power
The
origin
The
history
present
Present
situation
situation
antidiscrimination
Racism in the United States has been a
major issue since the colonial era.
Historically, the country has been
dominated by white.
The origin of racial problems
Unlike most other peoples, American
are primarily a nation of immigrants.
1. The citizens or their
ancestors immigrated from
many parts of the globe.
A. Refugees from religious and
political persecution.
B. Adventurers from the Old
World seeking a better life.
C. Captives brought to America
against their own will to be
sold into slavery.
The origin of racial problems
2. Though people all share a common
American culture, the nationcontains
many racial and ethnic subcultures
with their own distinctive
characteristics.
3. These differences have
contributed to racial
conflicts that have been a
persistent social problem to
American society.
The history of racial
problems
The first blacks were
brought to North America
in 1619 .
Within a few decades the
demand for their cheap
labor led to a massive
slave trade that
ultimately transported
some 400 000 Africans
The slave
to this continent, where auction
they were sold like cattle
at auctions.
Civil
The Northern states had all
outlawed slavery by1830,
War
but the Southern state
maintained the institution until
it was finally ended by the Civil
War,
Lincoln’s emancipation of
slavery in 1863, and the 13th
Amendment to the Constitution
in 1865.
The Emancipation Proclamation
After the abolition of slavery, many
states passed segregation laws种族隔离法,
and institutionalized discrimination kept
blacks in the lowest-paid jobs.
The 1960s saw the
great civil rights
movement whose
goals were to end
segregation laws
completely and fight
for equal rights for the
colored people,
after that, many
American blacks
began to have a new
mood.
Martin Luther King encouraged black
people to use nonviolent means to achieve
their goals of equal treatment.
Finally, Congress passed the Civil Rights
Act 民权法案 of 1964 to stop discrimination in
all public places.
The blacks and the whites still regard
each other as an enemy
In spite of the gains of the Civil Rights
Movement, racial problems still exist.
The laws have changed, but some people-on all sides of the color spectrum--remain
prejudiced.
present situation
The current status of
black Americans
presents a mixed
picture.
The elimination of
legal barriers to their
advancement has
been a major gain,
but institutionalized
discrimination is still
rife.
There is a world of difference between the two.
12.00%
10.00%
8.00%
6.00%
the black
the white 10.2%
The income gap between
4.00%
2.00%
the blacks and the white
5.2%
0.00%
1
1
2
The
unemployment
rate
income
of the
whites
income
of the
blacks
Some pictures about
the present conditions of American racial discrimination
the pictures of demonstrations held by the black
Some other phenomena of
racial discrimination
The white dolls are
two times as high as
the black ones
As a black, others often
made fun of Obama
anti-discrimination
As a result of the racial discrimination,
there appears more and more problems in
the society and the Americans can’t wait to
find a way to solve it.
Poverty of a rich world
― American poverty
Current
situation
causes
solutions
Consequence
Current situation
the children remained far above the
national average level of poverty
100%
80%
60%
普通儿童
40%
贫困儿童
20%
0%
美国儿童贫困率欧洲儿童贫困率
The past few decades, the
government against poverty
policies, the composition of
poverty-stricken population in
great changes have taken place
100%
80%
60%
双亲家庭
40%
单亲家庭
20%
0%
1960年美国贫困人口1998年美国贫困人口
Single parent families is the
population of the most part, to
increase the maximum speed of
all poor families
Causes
• The distribution of income is unequal.
The wage of manual workers is too low
• Personal Irresponsibility, negative
attitude, bad living habits and inferior
cultural value leads to poverty.
• Long-term social and economic
inequality, stagnant wages and lack of
public assistance program,
unreasonable policy is the mainly
responsible for their poverty.
Solutions
• Take a more active welfare policy to
solve the problems of poverty
• stick to "remedial" social relief policies so
that the government can guarantee the
lowest level of life
• Increasing education and employment
training, establish the social welfare and
social assistance system
• Fully take use of the power of folk
organization in charity and relief
Consequences
• This raises serious moral questions
and creates fierce conflicts of
interest and many political
controversies.
American
Overview
The youth
drug abuse
Economy
Death
Crime
Overview
• Once, the world health organization
reported that American is the
largest country of consuming drug.
• They reported over 72,000,000
American people have used drug.
• Over 33% cocaine all over the
world is consumed in America.
Drug &crime
Drug
trafficking
and
violence
Drug
abuse
and
violence
Drug &Economy
1
Accident ,medical bill,
lost production
2
Many indirect cost
3
Treatment and control of
drug abuse
4
Processing drug
Drug &death
• It is reported that junkie’s average
lifetime is 10 to 15years shorter
than the normal people,25% junkie
will die 10 to 20 years later
Drug &death
The reason
•
•
•
•
•
Excessive drug use
Suicide because of drug
Cause other disease
Indifferent attitude after junkie is ill
Death because of accident
regularly
Drug &the youth
age
15~18
19~25
2000
9.7%
14.9%
now
10.8%
18.8%
Drug &the youth
• 27.3% junkie begin to use drug
because of anguish, Loneliness,
depressed
• 41%youth used drug when they
were in middle school
• 62% youth have gone to drug trade
center
• 1,000,000 children between 8 to 12
years old have seen the drug trade
in their school
Drug &the youth
Crime
——Another serious social
problem
Crime in US
• Crime is one of the most
serious social problems
facing the nation.
• A survey by the LEAA found
that 61% of all women feel
unsafe in their own
neighborhoods at night ;
• 45% is afraid to walk alone at
night near their own home;
and that 47% own guns,largely
for self-protection.Even
someone said that almost
half of American women were
raped at least once in a
lifetime.
The Gender
Males are arrested about
four times as often as
females.
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Man
Woman
Crime
1.One reason is the sex role
stereotyping which encourge
males to be more
aggressiveand daring.
2.The second reason is the
tendcy of polic officers and the
courts to deal more leniently
with female offemders
The Young
• Young people appear
to commit far more
than their share of
crime.
70
60
50
0-18
18-21
21-
40
30
1 They may be less skillful
than older adults in
avoiding being arrested.
20
10
0
Crime
2 They tend to commit
crimes ,such as auto
theft,which are highly
visible to the police.
The Black
• The arrest rate for
the black population
is three times higher
than for white.
Whites
Blacks
Crime
0 20 40 60 80
1.A higher proportion of
the black population is
poor or unemployed.
2.An additional reason
for higher arrest rate
among minority groups
may be racial prejudice.
White-collar
crimes
• The crimes typically
committed by higher
income groups,
including fraud, false
advertising, corporate
price fixing, bribery,
embezzlement,
industrial pollution,
tax evasion, etc.
The Abuse of Power
by Government and
Corporations
A crucial problem of
government and
corporation concerns
power and the abuse of
it . Americans lives are
dominated by large
public and private
organizations .
The public organizations , primarily
government agencies , affect almost
every area of their experience .
register births
provide education
the public
organizations
social services
regulate many of the
conditions of employment
……
register deaths
The private organizations , primarily business
corporations , provide jobs for the bulk of
the population and supply most of consumer
needs , from banking and television services
to clothing and gasoline .
But these organizations are
often experienced as
The lack of public
answerability of
these large
organizations has
become a major
social problem .
oppressive
unresponsive
impersonal
inefficient
arrogant
and even corrupt
Government and corporations are
widely distrusted in the United States .
Watergate scandal
of the early 1970s
Distrust of government
reached its height.
The Watergate affair led to the trials and
convictions of many high public
officials on such charges as extortion ,
perjury , conspiracy .
The scandal provoked congressional
investigations of the FBI and the CIA that
turned literally thousands of illegal acts in
the executive branch of government .
The CIA , without any authorization
from Congress , plotted the
assassination of foreign heads of
state , including Fidel Castro of Cuba .
The FBI
• Many burglaries of presumed critics
of the administration.
• Widespread illegal wiretapping.窃听
器
As for corporations , they are
widely believed to be more
concerned with their own profits
than with social
responsibility ,and the quality or
price of their products , or the
truth of their advertising .