Transcript Gender-sensitive approach in

WOMEN PROFILE AND GENDER
ANALYSIS IN TREATMENT DATA
UNODC DATA
Substance abuse treatment and care for women
• booklet based on case studies and lessons learned
• to be published soon
• EMCDDA collaboration
Women using drugs
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10% in some Asian societies
20% in former Soviet Union and Latin America
40% in North America and some European countries
convergence is rates of use among young men and
women
• increasing rates of use among women in some
European countries
• women are more likely to use pharmaceutical drugs
(highest rates in North America and Europe and among
older women)
Global data collection instruments
Instruments
ARQ (drug abuse situation)
BRQ (action plans and measures adopted)
Data Collected
Annually
Biennially
Content
Prevalence, IDU, severe drug
abuse, treatment, morbidity,
mortality.
Structures, method of working, target
populations, coverage.
Information
Quantitative estimates and
summary expert opinions
Expert judgement on extent and coverage of
demand reduction activities
Coverage
100-120 countries
100-120 countries
ANNUAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (ARQ)
on Drug Abuse
• To review the progress made in meeting the
challenges set out in the Political Declaration
adopted by the General Assembly
• To monitor and increase global understanding of
the extent and nature of drug abuse
ANNUAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (ARQ)
TREATMENT DEMAND
• Quantitative Estimates
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Estimated number of people receiving treatment
Percentage of people receiving treatment for first time ever
Percentage of females
Mean age
Percentage of drug injectors
Definition of “people treated for drug problems”
% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR ANY DRUGS
REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
AFRICA
AMERICAS
2001
ASIA
2002
2003
EUROPE
% OF WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR HEROIN
REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003
30,0
25,0
20,0
15,0
10,0
5,0
0,0
AFRICA
AMERICAS
2001
ASIA
2002
2003
EUROPE
% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR COCAINE
REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
AFRICA
AMERICAS
2001
2002
EUROPE
2003
% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR CANNABIS
REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003
40,0
35,0
30,0
25,0
20,0
15,0
10,0
5,0
0,0
AFRICA
AMERICAS
2001
ASIA
2002
2003
EUROPE
% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT IN EUROPE BY DRUGS 2001-2003
ECSTASY
AMPHETAMINE
2003
2002
CANNABIS
2001
COCAINE
HEROIN
ANYDRUGS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BIENNIAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (BRQ)
on Demand Reduction Activities
• Mandated follow-up instrument of the UNGASS
process
• To enable Member States to report on the progress
achieved in meeting the UNGASS objectives for
2003 and 2008
• To monitor structures, methods of working, target
population, extent and coverage of programmes,
difficulties encountered
Global overview (n=115 countries)
Implementation of gender-sensitive approach in
Treatment and Rehabilitation
(% of countries reporting activities)
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
Social reintegration
Non-pharmacological treatment
Substitution treatment
Detoxification
0
20
40
60
80
% of countries reporting activities
100
Gender-sensitive approach in
Detoxification
(% of all responding countries)
% of responding countries
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Africa
General and psychiatric hospitals
Americas
Asia
Correctional institutions
Europe
Specialized residential treatment
Gender-sensitive approach in
Substitution Treatment
(% of all responding countries)
% of responding countries
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Africa
General and psychiatric hospitals
Americas
Asia
Correctional institutions
Europe
Specialized residential treatment
Gender-sensitive approach in
Non-Pharmacological Treatment
(% of all responding countries)
% of responding countries
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Africa
General and psychiatric hospitals
Americas
Asia
Correctional institutions
Europe
Specialized residential treatment
Gender-sensitive approach in
Social Reintegration
(% of all responding countries)
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
% of responding countries
100
80
60
40
20
0
Africa
Social services
Americas
Correctional institutions
Asia
Europe
Specialized residential treatment
Established national guidelines in 2000-02 for
Treatment services
(% of countries)
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
% of responding countries
100
77,8
80
75
75
Asia
Europe
60
46,2
40
20
0
Africa
Americas
Existence of national database in 2000-02 on
Treatment Programmes
(% of countries)
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
% of responding countries
100
80
56,3
55,6
60
50
50
41,2
40
30,8
16,7
20
4,3
0
Africa
Maintained
Americas
Asia
Europe
Linked to regional/international drug information systems
Gender-sensitivity in
Treatment and Rehabilitation
(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)
• Gender-sensitive approach in the area of treatment
and rehabilitation was implemented by 10-20% of
countries in 2000-02
• No major regional differences in coverage
• Gender to be considered together with other factors
such as age and social, cultural and geographical
marginalization