Transcript Chapter 10 - Cengage Learning

Chapter 10
Conduct Disorder and Related
Conditions
Terms Commonly Used
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Antisocial
Aggressive
Oppositional
Socially Maladjusted
Disorderly
Delinquent
Oppositional Defiant Disorders
• Children with ODD exhibit recurrent
pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient,
and hostile behavior toward authority
figures
Conduct Disorders
• More serious than ODD
– Behavior violates the rights of others, destroys
property, persistently violates rules
– Broad label used to identify a number of
aversive and socially disruptive behaviors
(going against societal norms)
• Childhood-onset conduct disorder
– Occurs before age 10
– Shows early characteristics of physical
aggression, disturbed peer relationships, and
early oppositional or noncompliant behavior
• Adolescent-onset
– Occurs after age 10
– Overt displays of aggressive behavior and to
have disturbed peer relations
Characteristics of Conduct-disordered Children
(DSM-IV-TR)
• Aggression to People and Animals
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Often bullies, threatens, or intimidates others
Often initiates physical fights
Has used a weapon that can cause serious harm
Has been physically cruel to people
Has been physically cruel to animals
Has stolen while confronting a victim
Has forced someone into sexual activity
• Destruction of Property
– Has deliberately engaged in fire setting with the
intention of causing serious damage
– Has deliberately destroyed others’ property
Behavioral Excesses
• Aggression
• Noncompliance
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Physically attacks others
Verbally Abusive
Destroys property
Sets fire
Vandalizes
Cruel to animals
Revengeful
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Breaks established rules
Does not follow commands
Argues
Does the opposite of what is requested
Behavioral Deficits
• Moral Behavior
– Shows little remorse
for destructive
behavior
– Appears to have no
conscience
– Lacks concern for
feelings of others
Behavioral Deficits
• Social Behavior
– Has few friends
– Lacks affection or bonding
– Has few problem-solving
skills
– Acts aggressively and
impulsively rather than
cooperatively
– Constantly seeks attention
– Poor conversation skills
– Doesn’t know how to
reward other peers and
adults socially
Behavioral Deficits
• Academics and School
– Generally behind in
academic basics,
particularly reading
– Has difficulty
acquiring new
academic information
– Truant
Antisocial-Aggressive Behavior
• Aggression/violence used to control others
through coercion
– Example: child resorting to tantrum in order to
get parents to buy them something in a store
Noncompliance
• Refusing to do what is requested
• One of most common childhood behavior
problems
– Ignoring requests of adults
– Delaying, passively resisting, arguing, or giving
excuses for not doing something
Prevalence
• Boys more likely diagnosed as having
conduct disorder than are girls
• Males exhibit more aggression, stealing,
vandalism, fire setting, and school-related
problems
• Females display more lying, substance
abuse, running away and prostitution
Causes
• Three general causes
– Biological causes including genetic inheritance
– Family factors such as child-rearing and
disciplinary practices
– Modeling by parents, peers, or others
Treatment
• Psychodynamic therapy – not shown to be
effective
• Catharsis – not shown to be effective in
reducing aggression
• Social learning and behavioral approaches –
some programs have been effective,
although they require specific targeting of
behaviors for intervention
Pathways to Juvenile Delinquency
• Adolescent violent criminality (the
aggressive versatile path)
• The nonviolent path
• The illicit drug use path