Transcript Last Lecture

Chapter 14
Prevention and Corrections in the
Community
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System Failure
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Recidivism – The tendency to return to a
previous pattern of behavior (return to
criminal habits)
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2/3 are rearrested within 3 years
Why?
 Return to same neighborhood
 Quickly fall back to same lifestyle
 Poverty/inner-city
 Unemployment
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Social problems caused by releasing
unprepared inmates:
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Increased child abuse
Family violence
Infectious diseases
Homelessness
Community disorganization
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Concern for Community Safety
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Community-based corrections: prevention
and treatment programs to promote successful
transition from prison to the community
Alternatives to incarceration (boot camps,
electronic monitoring)
Furlough – unsupervised temporary release to
promote successful reentry has led to crime
Intermediate Sanctions – restrict freedom
without prison
Problem = NIMBY (not in my backyard)
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Intensive Probation Supervision
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Smaller caseloads
Emphasis on compliance with the
conditions of probation
Supervised by a team
Meet daily
Home visitation
*More effective than regular, BUT time
intensive and less guidance more
enforcement
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Split Sentencing/Shock Probation
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After brief incarceration, offender is
offered probation (typical 30 days)
To “shock” first time offenders
Focus on exposure to the consequences of
behavior
Must submit a “plan” to parole board
*Effective due to seeing the realities of
prison – many change
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Shock Incarceration/Boot Camp
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Military style
Physical fitness and discipline
Education
Community service
*Can be effective but rigorous – many do
not make it through (return to prison)
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Home Confinement/Electronic
Monitoring
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Confined to home with an electronic
bracelet
Ensures compliance
Schedule responsibilities
Reduces prison population
Saves money
Fosters rehabilitation
Dangerous offenders could still commit
crime
Some ethical concerns
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Transition Programs
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Work Release: can help overcome
obstacles to employment
Education Release: less likely to commit
new crimes
Half-way houses: inmates move from
prison to the community in steps
Day Reporting Centers: closely
supervised release
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Reentry Programs for Drug
Offenders
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83% men, 41% women arrested under
the influence
Most crime committed to get $ for drugs
Drug Courts: approach aimed at
breaking the cycle of drug use and crime
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Treatment services
Intensive supervision
Early identification
Access to many rehabilitation programs
Education (diploma, GED)
Community sponsors
Frequent drug testing
Significant reduction in recidivism
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Combination Programs
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Intensive supervision + therapeutic drug
treatment = effective
Can reduce recidivism by 50%
Lower cost to society
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