Transcript Template for Large Format Poster Linda Cunningham

Alcohol and Drug Use amongst Maxillofacial
Trauma Patients
INEBRIA 2009
Introduction
Dr IP Corbett, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, UK • email [email protected]
Assault was the mode of injury in 91% patients having taken
drugs within 12 hours of injury and 93% with a history of drug
use, compared to 66% of non-drug users. 54% of patients
with a history of drug use had previously attended with a
traumatic injury compared to 32% of non-drug users.
Results
18
Research has shown a correlation of alcohol with
maxillofacial trauma1, however, literature on the effects of
drug abuse in maxillofacial trauma is scarce, despite
patients frequently self-reporting drug use. Such a trauma
population may be suited to screening and brief
intervention.
16
14
16-20
12
21-30
10
n
8
31-40
41-50
51-60
6
61-70
4
Aims
71-80
2
80+
0
0
To determine the prevalence of alcohol and drug use in
trauma patients attending a UK Accident and Emergency
department with maxillofacial injuries.
<=10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
50+
units
Weekly alcohol intake
Methods
40
30
25
n
20
15
10
5
0
0
Results
Of 150 patient attendances, 113 were eligible for inclusion
in the study. The most common age group was 21-30years.
Soft tissue injury and fractured mandibles were the most
common injuries (76%), the most common cause being
interpersonal violence (71%).
1-10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
50+
units
Alcohol intake preceding 12 hours
The mean alcohol intake amongst the drug-use group was
12 units in the preceding 12 hours, 29 units per week,
similar to that of the non-drug users.
A suitable screening and intervention package has been
developed by the WHO, the ‘alcohol, smoking and substance
involvement screening test’, ASSIST4. Field testing of the
ASSIST tool in a UK maxillofacial trauma population is
proposed.
References
30
25
20
76% of patients had consumed alcohol within 12 hours of
presentation, mean 12 units. The mean reported weekly
alcohol intake was 23 units. 10% of patients reported
taking non-prescription drugs within 12 hours of injury, the
most commonly abused drug being cannabis.
Regular drug use was reported in 10% of the maxillofacial
trauma patients in this study, more prevalent than that
recorded in the UK general population2 Drug users are more
likely to present with trauma relating to alleged assault and
demonstrate recidivism.
Maxillofacial trauma patients are frequently treated in the
accident and emergency department and subsequently
discharged. This attendance may provide a unique
opportunity for screening and provision of a brief
intervention. Such interventions have been shown to be
effective in a similar trauma population with regard to
alcohol3. The use of a drugs related brief intervention for
trauma patients has not been reported in the UK.
35
Data were collected for 150 consecutive adult patients
attending an A&E department with maxillofacial injuries
between June and August 2008. Information relating to
presenting injury, alcohol and drug intake in the preceding
12 hours and alcohol and drug history was recorded.
Discussion
Never
n
<12 hours
15
Regular (>1/12)
History
10
5
0
Age, years
Frequency of drug use
1. Warburton AL. Shepherd JP. Alcohol-related violence and the role
of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in multi-agency prevention. Int
J Oral & Maxillofac Surg. 31:657-63, 2002.
2. Walker A, Kershaw C, Nicholas S. Crime in England and Wales
2005/2006. http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/crimeew0506.html
3. Goodall, C.A. et al. Nurse-delivered brief interventions for
hazardous drinkers with alcohol-related facial trauma: a
prospective randomised controlled trial. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg,
46: 96-101, 2008.
4. Validation of the Alcohol, Smoking And Substance Involvement
Screening Test (ASSIST). Humeniuk R et al. Addiction.
103(6):1039-47, 2008.