Transcript Research Directions for the Internet of Things

Research Directions for the
Internet of Things
Supervised by: Dr. Nouh Sabry
Presented by: Ahmed Mohamed Sayed
Agenda
• What is Internet of Things (IoT) ?
• Internet of things applications
• Problems for future IoT systems
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Massive scaling
Architecture and Dependencies
Creating knowledge and big data
Robustness
Openness
Security
Privacy
Human-in-the-loop
Internet of Things
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of
physical objects or "things" embedded with
electronics, software, sensors and
connectivity to enable it to achieve greater
value and service by exchanging data with the
manufacturer, operator and/or other
connected devices
Internet of Things(cont.)
• A thing, in the Internet of Things can be:
– a person with a heart monitor implant (healthcare
services)
– an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert
the driver when tire pressure is low
– people have smart phones with sensors for
running many useful apps
Internet of Things(cont.)
• IoT is an integrated infrastructure which
many applications and services can run.
Some applications will be personalized
such as digitizing daily life activities,
others will be city-wide such as efficient,
delay-free transportation, and others will
be worldwide.
IoT Applications
• Smart Parking
– Monitoring of parking spaces availability in the city.
• Smart Lighting
– Intelligent and weather adaptive lighting in street lights.
• Vehicle Auto-diagnosis
– Information collection to send real time alarms to
emergencies or provide advice to drivers.
• Intelligent Shopping Applications
– Getting advices in the point of sale according to
customer habits, preferences.
Problems for future IoT systems
• Each of the below topic focuses on new problems
that arise for future IoT systems
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Massive scaling
Architecture and Dependencies
Creating knowledge and big data
Robustness
Openness
Security
Privacy
Human-in-the-loop
Massive scaling
• Trillions of things will be on the Internet.
• How to access, maintain, protect, use, and
support such a large scale of things are major
problems.
• How will the massive amounts of data be
collected, used, and stored ?
Architecture and Dependencies
• As trillions of things (objects) are connected to
the Internet, it is necessary to have an
adequate architecture that permits easy
connectivity, control, communications, and
use applications
• One possible architectural approach for IoT is
the Smartphone world (App store)
Architecture and Dependencies (cont.)
• Dependencies related to numbers and types
of parameters, versions of underlying OS, and
availability of correct underlying hardware.
• Research is needed to develop a
comprehensive approach in specifying,
detecting, and resolving dependencies across
applications.
Architecture and Dependencies (cont.)
• Assume that we integrate systems like energy
management (controlling thermostats windows, doors, and
shades) and home health care (controlling lights, TVs, ..etc)
• Home health care application may decide to turn ON all the
lights. On the other hand, the energy management
application may decide to turn OFF lights when no motion
is detected.
• Detecting and resolving such dependency problems is
important for correctness of operation of interacting IoT
systems.
Creating knowledge and Big data
• In an IoT world, there exists a vast amount of raw
data being continuously collected. It will be
necessary to develop techniques that convert this
raw data into usable knowledge.
• For example, in the medical area, raw streams of
sensor values must be converted into
semantically meaningful knowledge
• Main challenges for data interpretation and the
formation of knowledge without the noise
Creating knowledge and Big data (cont.)
• Data mining techniques are expected to
provide the creation of important knowledge
from all this data.
• Another main challenge is making good
decisions using the created knowledge. it is
necessary to minimize the number of false
positives otherwise, the system will be
dismissed as unreliable.
Robustness
• Is the system deteriorate ?
• Solutions to create a robust system in spite of
noisy, faulty, and nondeterministic underlying
physical world realities.
• For Example, fire-fighting system
• Recertify that the system is operating as
expected.
Openness
• For the Internet of Things to be a success, it
has to be open. Any device must be able to
connect and communicate with one another.
• For Example, cars (and aircraft) talking to each
other and controlling each other to avoid
collisions
Security
• To heal from security attacks, a system needs
to Prevent/detect the attack, diagnose the
attack, and deploy countermeasures and
repairs.
• Perform all of the above functions in a
lightweight manner due to the types of lowcapacity devices involved.(Performance)
Privacy
• Who have the right to read specified sensing
data ?
• One of the more difficult privacy problems is
that systems interact with other systems, each
having their own privacy policies.
Humans in the Loop
• Many of IoT applications involve humans(models for driving can
improve safety, and using models of activities of daily living in
home health care can improve medical conditions of the elderly
and keep them safe)
• Human-in-the-loop applications can be classified into three
categories:
1- Applications where humans directly control the system
2- Applications where the system passively monitors humans and
takes appropriate actions
3- Hybrids
Any Questions ?