Transcript New Mexico 1990-2008 - Southern New Mexico Human Development

May 26, 2010
Albuquerque, NM


Increased illicit use of prescription
drugs
One trend more frequently identified
by law enforcement agencies, and
supported by epidemiological data.
Herman Silva


Law enforcement agencies are seeing
an increase in prescription fraud for
opioid painkillers.
Following are the most prominent
drug problems and trends, as
identified by each MJTF in New
Mexico:
Herman Silva
Region II
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
Region III
Region IV
Region I
Region V
Region VII
Region VI
Herman Silva


Seem to be moving to cocaine and marijuana,
with more large outdoor grows
Methamphetamine, and more mobile “shake
and bake” meth labs
Herman Silva



Much of the Navajo Nation and reservation land has
minimal law enforcement presence
NM Region II Task Force investigates drug-related
crimes in the county and the portion of the Navajo
Nation within the county.
◦ Primarily drug use, domestic violence, and youth
issues.
The Task Force collaborates with other agencies to
develop trend analyses and correlate community
concerns with drug trafficking and substance abuse
issues.
Herman Silva




Methamphetamine largest problem in San
Juan County.
A great percentage of violent crime, gang
violence, and property crime is attributed to
meth sales and use.
Gang violence is a big concern
local DTOs are using gang members for sales
and protection.
Herman Silva
Methamphetamine and crack pose the
largest problems.
 Corresponding rise in crime.
 Meth and crack are easily obtained
 Many individuals make their own
crack, which has increased the flow of
cocaine

Herman Silva


Methamphetamine continues to be the
most widely abused and distributed
drug in Region VI
Seeing an increase in prescription
drug fraud and diversion
Herman Silva





The problem is more serious in Chaves County
drug abuse and drug trafficking are cited as the
primary cause for both violent and nonviolent
crimes.
The Task Force overtly pressures drug houses,
forcing dealers to change methods, and relocate.
The TF works to prosecute convicted felons with
firearms.
Both of these tactics have resulted in a visible
improvement in the quality of life in the area.
Herman Silva




The biggest drug concerns vary in the Region
Silver City Police identified meth, followed by
marijuana, as significant threats to the
community.
Socorro reports heroin is the largest problem,
followed by meth and crack cocaine.
Las Cruces-State Police Office cites cocaine,
marijuana, and meth as the greatest problems
Herman Silva
Gang-related violence has been reported
in and around the community of Anthony
 Many of these individuals are also
involved in drug trafficking.
 The Immigration and Customs Office
reports that 15-20% of illegal deportable
convicted felons use a previous home
address in Anthony, NM.

Herman Silva


Drug and gang problems are also present in
Deming, Anthony, Sunland Park, Las Cruces,
and Silver City
Two known gangs involved in drug trafficking
and traditional-gang related criminal activity.
Herman Silva


State Police focus on IMPACT operations,
which generally address quality of life issues,
including violent crimes, narcotics, property
crimes, and outstanding warrants
In the previous fiscal year, NMSP conducted
202 intelligence-led IMPACT operations
throughout the State.
Herman Silva


Established to locate and capture outstanding
violent crime and narcotics-related fugitives across
the State.
Bernalillo, Doña Ana, Santa Fe, and San Juan
Counties alone have thousands of outstanding
felony warrants.
Herman Silva



SWIFT members have seen a distinct overlap in
violent crime, gang activity, and drug trafficking in
New Mexico
A large percentage of repeat offenders are involved
in these activities.
SWIFT initiated 1,388 felony arrests, conducted 33
multi-agency fugitive roundups, and conducted the
first roundup in their new partnership with San
Juan County in FY-2008-09.
Herman Silva

New Mexico’s violent crime rate was
30% higher than that of the U.S.

The murder rate in New Mexico is 25%
higher than the U.S.

The aggravated assault rate is 58%
higher than the rate for the nation.
Herman Silva


In the period from 2005-2006, ages 12-17,
New Mexico reports the highest usage, with
rates 17% higher than the national rate.
For the same age group, New Mexico saw a
5% increase from the first reporting period
to the second.
Herman Silva


Usage rates in the 18-25 group increased
14% in New Mexico from 2005-2006 to
2006-2007
An increase surpassed only by Arizona,
while all other compared areas experienced
decreases in use.
Herman Silva



In 2005-2006 and 2007-2008, ages 12-17,
New Mexico reports the highest rates of
marijuana use.
Usage in New Mexico increased 11% from
the first period to the second.
With the exception of Colorado, all other
states in the nation saw reductions between
these periods.
Herman Silva


From 2005-2006, New Mexico’s rate
of use was 13% higher than the
national rate
from 2006-2007, it was 24% higher
than the national rate.
Herman Silva
Drug-Induced Death Rates
New Mexico and U.S., 1990-2008*
24
20
NM
US
16
12
8
4
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
0
20 6
07
20 *
08
*
Deaths per 100,000 persons
28
Data Sources: US: CDC Wonder; NM: Vital Records and Health Statistics, NMDOH
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
*2007-08 data are preliminary
Herman Silva
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by
Type of Drug: New Mexico 1990-2008
20
15
10
5
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
25
Any Illicit Drug
Any Prescription Drug
Total
Note: Groups are not mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
n=4,063
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates
by Type of Drug: New Mexico 1990-2008
25
20
15
10
5
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
91
19
90
0
19
Deaths per 100,000 persons
30
Both illicit/Rx
Illicit only
Rx only
Other
Total
Note: Groups are mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
n=4,063
20
15
10
5
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
91
19
90
0
19
Deaths per 100,000 persons
Unintentional Drug-Specific Overdose
Death Rates: New Mexico 1990-2008
Total
MA
Tranq/MR
Heroin
Methadone
Antidep
Cocaine
Other opioid
Drug/etoh
Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
n=4,063
40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by
Race/Sex Strata, New Mexico, 1990-2008
Hispanic male
Hispanic female
White male
White female
AI male
AI female
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by the Most
Common Drug Type Combinations
New Mexico, 1990-2008
Opioids
Coc
Opi+etoh
Her
Her+Coc
Opi+Coc
Her+etoh
Her+Coc+etoh
Opioids+Her
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
Unintentional Rx Opioid Poisoning
Death Rates by Schedule
New Mexico, 1990-2008
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
14
Methadone
Schedule III/IV
Schedule II other than methadone
Total opioids
Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to theHerman
2000 Silva
US Standard Population.
Unintentional Prescription Opioid
Overdose Death Rates by Race/Sex Strata
20
15
10
5
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
New Mexico, 1990-2008
Hispanic male
Hispanic female
White male
White female
AI male
AI female
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
Unintentional Heroin Overdose Death
Rates by Race/Sex Strata
25
20
15
10
5
0
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
Deaths per 100,000 persons
New Mexico, 1990-2008
Hispanic male
Hispanic female
White male
White female
AI male
AI female
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by
Types of Illicit Drugs Causing Death:
Deaths per 100,000 persons
New Mexico and Regions, 2006-2008
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
NM
NW
NE
Bern
SE
SW
ny
A
it
c
i
ill
n
oi
r
e
H
ne
i
a
oc
C
M
am
h
et
m
ta
e
ph
e
in
Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Types of
Prescription Drugs Causing Death:
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
t
id
ep
re
ss
an
An
t
R
Tr
an
qu
i
liz
er
/M
oi
d
er
op
i
O
th
M
et
h
ad
o
ne
Rx
NM
NW
NE
Bern
SE
SW
An
y
Deaths per 100,000 persons
New Mexico and Regions, 2006-2008
Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive
Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator
Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000
US Standard Population.
Herman Silva
Primary Substance of Abuse at
Treatment Admission:
New Mexico, 2008
Other drug
2.1%
Amphetamine
2.2%
None reported
17.5%
Other opiates
2.4%
Alcohol
50.6%
MA
4.7%
Heroin
6.4%
Marijuana
6.7%
n=10,878
Cocaine/crack
7.4%
Source: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services Department, as of May 2009
Herman Silva
Heroin: Number of Treatment
Admissions and Overdose Deaths*,
New Mexico 2000-2008
1750
1500
Number
1250
1000
Admissions
Deaths (*10)
750
500
250
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
20
01
20
00
0
* ME data were multiplied by 10 in order to compare with treatment admissions
Data Sources: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services Department, as of May 2009;
The New Mexico Office of the Medical Examiner
Herman Silva
Route of Administration for Primary Drugs:
New Mexico, 2008
Cocaine/crack, n=635
Heroin, n=647
oral
1%
smoking
11%
9%
5%
3%
4%
30%
54%
sniffing
injection
other
83%
Methamphetamine,
n=476
5%
23% 1%
13%
58%
Source: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services
Department, as of May 2009
Herman Silva
PRIMARY DRUG BY ESTATE,
NORTHERN BORDER, 2008 *, Mexico
Crystal
38.9%
Heroin
36.3%
Crystal
32.4%
Heroin
21.2%
Heroin
32.2%
Alcohol
25.6%
Cocaine
28.9%
Alcohol
22.8%
* First semester
Crack
41.2%
Alcohol
17.8%
Source: SISVEA. Non Governmental Treatment Centers, DGE/SSA.2008
Crack
30.9%
Cocaine
17.4%
Herman Silva
N = 13,210
OMI Data:
 Meth overdose death rates per 100,000 (age adjusted)
◦ 1.7 deaths per 100,000 in 2007
◦ 1.1 death per 100,000 in 2008


Meth death rate per 100,000 (age-adjusted)
by Public Health Region, 2006-2008:
◦ NM
1.5
◦ NW
1.4
◦ NE
0.5
◦ Bern
1.7
◦ SE
2.9
◦ SW
1.1
Herman Silva
Amphetamine-related inpatient hospitalizations (HIDD)
Number of Hospitalizations Per
Year.
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
230
322
171
163
133
These data are solely primary diagnosis but meth related
hospitalizations are likely frequent among secondary
diagnosis due to the context of use. For instance, a
primary diagnosis might be an injury but meth was
involved so it was listed as a secondary diagnosis.
Herman Silva
Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey, grades 9-12
Meth use, past 30 Days
2003 2005
7.3% 4.6%
(ranked 3rd in the U.S. 2007)
Herman Silva
2007
4.4%
Methamphetamine Labs
Seized/Clean-Ups in New Mexico
250
202
200
150
129
121
104
100
76
84
64
44
50
*15
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Meth Labs
*2008 preliminary data through March 2008
Herman Silva
2009

Establish and maintain a continuum of
evidenced based behavioral health
services.
Herman Silva



Meth Coordinator’s Position
Addressing the unique challenges of rural
jurisdictions in fighting methamphetamine
production, distribution, and abuse.
Development, in partnership with Pacific
Institute for Research and Evaluation (PIRE),
of a statewide methamphetamine
assessment to identify system strengths
and barriers to be addressed;
Herman Silva

Sponsorship of a full state
methamphetamine team to attend the
National Rural Methamphetamine
Summit, taking place June 2010

Creation and implementation of a
state methamphetamine action plan
Herman Silva




To provide policy guidance concerning illicit
drug issues and to provide oversight of the
Federal Justice Assistance Grant (JAG)
annual funding
Administered and distributed by the
Department of Public Safety
To combat drug trafficking, gangs, and
violent criminal activity.
The DEAC is charged with the additional
task of preparing a Statewide Drug Strategy.
Herman Silva
‣ NM ranks 36th in the nation with population of 1.8 million
‣ NM ranks 12th in the nation for fastest growing population;
‣ NM ranks 50th in number of children living in poverty (27.5%);
‣ New Mexico is considered untouched territory and ripe for
gangs and their drug activity.
‣ Close proximity to the Mexican border
‣ Three ports of entry (Antelope Wells, Santa Teresa,
Columbus);
‣ North American Free Trade Agreement
‣ Geography
Herman Silva
In their 2005 National Gang Threat Assessment, the National
Alliance of Gang Investigators Association (NAGIA),, recommended
the implementation of the following:
•Federal Role in the Gang Problem
•Gang Denial
•Law Enforcement Intelligence sharing
•Gang Definitions
•Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) of Gang Activity
•Correctional Intelligence
•Gang-Related Training
•Legislation
•Gang Officers
•Community Response
These recommendations will greatly enhance the ability of law enforcement and
communities to effectively address the gang problem
Herman Silva
•The National Youth Gang Survey estimates that
approximately 788,000 gang members and 27,000 gangs
were active in the U.S. in 2007. (Highlights of the 2007
National Youth Gang Survey, U.S. Department of Justice,
April 2009)
•According to the 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment,
approximately 1 million gang members belonging to more
than 20,000 gangs were criminally active in all 50 states and
the District of Columbia as of September 2008.
Herman Silva
12000
10000
8000
6000
Members
4000
2000
08
-0
9
C
ur
re
nt
8
07
-0
7
06
-0
6
05
-0
5
04
-0
4
03
-0
02
-0
3
0
Herman Silva
•Additionally, almost 78% of law enforcement report the gang
problem as getting worse when compared to 10 years ago
and 69% identify the problem as worse that 5 years ago.
Furthermore, 59% believe the problem to have been worse
than it was just one year prior.
•74% of service providers report the gang problem as getting
worse when compared to 10 years ago and 79% identify the
problem as worse that 5 years ago. Furthermore, 68%
believe the problem to have been worse than it was just one
year prior.
Herman Silva
INTERVENTION
PREVENTION
Family Support
State, Local, Fed.
Programs
Local Government
Churches
Neighborhood Watch
Schools
Media
Intelligence
Probation
Legislation
Community Residents
Human Services
Community Based Agencies
Housing
Business
Herman Silva
SUPPRESSION
Law Enforcement
Corrections
Parole
Prosecution
Courts
Mobilize state and community resources to reduce gang violence:
•
•
Law enforcement
•
“Weed” out gang violence
•
Legislation
Alternatives to Violence
•
•
Taos Restorative Justice, Boys and Girls Clubs of NM, Youth
Development Inc., Children’s Cabinet After School Initiative
Mobilize Communities
•
Community mobilization must include legal sanctions, intervention,
alternatives to violence, and inter-agency coordination (law
enforcement, schools, service agencies, neighborhood groups, etc.)
Herman Silva
Total STI Citations 77
Chaves 6
Lea 7
Dona Ana 9
Eddy 3
Luna 3
McKinley 3
Cibola 2
Curry 2
Lincoln 2
San Juan 11
Roosevelt 2
Colfax 1
Hidalgo 1
Bernalillo 22
Otero 1
Sandoval 1
Sierra 1
Herman Silva
Total STM Citations 129
Eddy 7
Valencia 9
Rio Arriba 7
Dona Ana 5
McKinley 5
Sierra 3
Sandoval 9
Santa Fe 2
Chaves 1
San Juan 9
Lincoln 9
Los Alamos 11
Bernalillo 52
Herman Silva
Alcohol: 2007 Administrative Citations
Sales to Intox
July 1, 2006 thru June 30, 2007
Total STI Citations 332
Cibola 20
Dona Ana 27
San Juan 36
McKinley 47
Santa Fe 13
Taos 16
Lincoln 9
Sandoval 10
Eddy 8
Chaves 7
Luna 10
Lea 4
Rio Arriba 3
Torrance 3
Valencia 3
Mora 2
Otero 2
Curry 2
Grant 4
Bernalillo 106
Herman Silva
Alcohol: 2007 Administrative Citations
Sales to Minors
July 1, 2006 thru June 30, 2007
Total STM Citations 200
San Juan 17
Santa Fe 18
Chaves 11
Grant 9
San Miguel 9
Lea 8
Socorro 7
McKinley 5
Lincoln 4
Los Alamos 4
Otero 4
Hidalgo 2
Dona Ana 35
Mora 2
Rio Arriba 2
Valencia 2
Curry 1
Eddy 1
Taos 1
Torrance 1
Bernalillo 57
Herman Silva
Alcohol: Administrative Citations
Sales to Intox
July 1, 2007 thru June 30, 2008
Total STI Citations 229
Cibola 2 Santa Fe 6
Dona Ana 14
San Juan 24
McKinley 26
Taos 2
Lincoln 3
Sandoval 5
Eddy 8
Lincoln 10
Luna 0
Rio Arriba 1
Torrance 1
Valencia 4
Mora 1
Otero 0
Curry 4
Grant 1
Bernalillo 100
Herman Silva
Alcohol: 2008 Administrative Citations
Sales to Minors
July 1, 2007 thru June 30, 2008
Total STM Citations 236
Chaves 10
San Juan 4
Santa Fe 5
Grant 4
Socorro 1
McKinley 3
San Miguel 0
Lea 7
Dona Ana 18
Lincoln 3
Los Alamos 0
Otero 0
Hidalgo 2
Mora 4
Rio Arriba 3
Valencia 10
Curry 16
Bernalillo 111
Eddy 1
Taos 1
Torrance 0
Herman Silva
Trainings
Law Enforcement
DWI Local/County
Licensees
Best Practices
Others
Totals
15
50
34
4
17
120
Attendees
197
916
484
106
378
2081
Herman Silva
Herman Silva, Director
Narcotics and Gang Initiatives
New Mexico Department of
Public Safety
Tel: (505) 699-0365
[email protected]
Herman Silva