Transcript Chapter 1
Chapter 1 The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce Define Biotechnology The use of living organisms and biological molecules to solve problems or make useful products. History of Biotechnology Fermentation History of Biotechnology Selective breeding History of Biotechnology Mendel’s work in genetics History of Biotechnology Vaccinations History of Biotechnology Pharmaceuticals History of Biotechnology Genetic engineering Relating Biotechnology to Current World Issues Biotechnology is used in: Agriculture – reducing the use of harmful pesticides Bioremediation – cleaning up the environment Food Processing – genetically modified food Textile industry– enzymes replacing harmful chemicals Forensics – criminal investigations Archeology – determine ancestry of mummies and fossils Medicine – cheaper medicines and diagnostic tests Introductory Biotech Video Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2009. All rights reserved. Biotechnology: A Science of Many Disciplines Basic sciences form the roots for biotech Distribution of US Biotech Companies Jobs in Biotechnology Organization of a Biotech Company Organization of a Biotech Company Research and Development • Organizational unit in a company that finds ideas for products • Directly involved in designing and running experiments to see if the ideas are feasible • Responsible for developing promising ideas into marketable products Organization of a Biotech Company Production/Manufacturing • Manufactures products that have been given to them by R&D • Often involves scale-up of protocols • Routine cleaning, calibration and maintenance of equipment Organization of a Biotech Company Quality Assurance/Quality Control • Monitors and checks final products for quality before they are sent to the consumer • Compares data to established standards • Maintains documentation Organization of a Biotech Company Support Departments • Filling and packaging bulk products in individual containers for customer use • Metrology ensures instruments are operating properly • Facilities technicians maintain critical day to day functions such as housekeeping and repairs Organization of a Biotech Company Business Services • • • Marketing and sale of the product Accounting department manages financial reports Customer service interacts with customers to address questions and complaints Organization of a Biotech Company Regulatory Affairs • Many products are regulated by government agencies and a regulatory affairs staff is needed to interpret the rules and ensure compliance with these three federal agencies 1. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – regulates the safety of genetically modified food and pharmaceutical products 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) – regulates the purity and quality of meat, poultry and eggs and monitors safety of genetically modified food and plants 3. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – regulates environmental release of genetically modified organisms Organization of a Biotech Company Virtual Tour of a Biotech Company