Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Transcript Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder
NUR 114
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
(2-3%) of population)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder:
• A mental disorder characterized by obsessions and
compulsions.
Obsession:
• An unwanted thought or idea with which a person is
preoccupied.
• e.g., “I left the doors unlocked!”
Compulsion:
• The feeling that one is obliged to perform a behavior,
even if one prefers not to do so.
• Checking behaviors (keep checking the doors)
Examples of obsessions:
Concern for order and constancy
Cleanliness (body or living space)
Forbidden sexual thoughts
Examples of compulsions:
Hand washing
Checking
Collecting
Repeating behaviors (in and out of a door)
Arranging things
Cleaning
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Possible Causes:
Genetic Origin:
• Evidence is beginning to accumulate suggesting
that OCD might have a genetic origin. Appears
with Tourette’s syndrome
Brain Damage (from trauma)
• Basal ganglia, cingulate, frontal cortex
Treatment
Serotonin's involvement in impulse control via
orbitofrontal cortex and basil ganglia (both receive
SE input)
• SSRIs are most effective
• Serotonin antagonists worsen symptoms
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Possible Causes:
Tourette’s syndrome:
• A neurological disorder characterized by tics and
involuntary vocalizations and sometimes by
compulsive uttering of obscenities and repetition
of the utterances of others.
• Treatment with antipsychotics (dopamine
antagonists, D2)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Possible Causes:
Cingulotomy:
• The surgical destruction of the cingulum bundle,
which connects the prefrontal cortex with the
limbic system; helps to reduce intense anxiety
and the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive
disorder.
• Only used on patients who are unresponsive to
drug treatment.