Tobacco Unit 1
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Transcript Tobacco Unit 1
Bell Ringer #1
Answer this question in 2 paragraphs,
at least 5 sentences each.
Why do you think teenagers choose
to start smoking, even though they
know it’s illegal? Also, why would
they start with knowing all of the
negative health consequences?
Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacum
The largest single preventable cause of illness and
premature death in the United States
Classification of Smokers
Stimulation
Handling - oral gratification
Pleasurable relaxation
Crutch - tension reduction
Craving - addiction
Habit
Stimulation
A person who gets a lift from smoking
The perking up effect is due to
nicotine
Handling
Oral gratification
Handle or manipulate
Fulfills certain emotional needs
Pleasurable Relaxation
One smokes for positive feelings:
Contentment
Achievement
Victory
Satisfaction
Crutch
One uses cigarettes to manage
negative effects ( used as a
tranquilizer):
Tension reduction
Stressful situations
Anger
Anxiety
Craving
Psychological and physical addiction
Quitting smoking is difficult
The smoker craves a cigarette first to
increase positive feelings and second
to decrease negative feelings of
withdrawal
Habit
A behavioral pattern has been
established
Smoking loses its former functions
Relaxation, emotional needs
Smoker gets little satisfaction
Consequences of Smoking
Statistics and Diseases
Research Finding
Male smokers have approximately twice
the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
Female smokers have approximately 40%
the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
Deaths associated with cigarette smoking
have ranged up to nearly 500,000 per
year. Coronary heart disease, lung cancer,
chronic obstructive lung disease
Research Finding
Life expectancy is shortened by 8 to 9
years
Death rates increase with the amount of
cigarettes smoked and are proportional to
the duration of smoking
More chronic health conditions occur, such
has:
Bronchitis, emphysema, sinusitis, peptic
ulcer, arteriosclerosis heart disease
Research Finding
Acute health conditions increase:
Influenza, asthma, sinusitis, bronchitis
Males 14% higher for acute conditions
Females 21% higher for acute conditions
Research Finding
In the United States an estimated 25
million men (25.7%) and 22.6 million
women ( 21.5%) are smokers
More than 6,000 people under the
age of 18 try a cigarette each day
Each day more than 3,000 persons
under the age of 18 become daily
smokers
Research Finding
Pregnancy and Infants
The more a women smokes during
pregnancy, the greater the reduction in
infant birth weight
Risks:
Spontaneous miscarriage
Fetal death
Placental disorders
Bleeding
Pre - term delivery
Research Finding
Pregnancy and Infants
Infant Risks:
Long term growth
Intellectual development
Behavioral characteristics
SIDs (sudden infant death syndrome)
Involuntary/Passive Smoke
(Second Hand Smoke)
Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat
Experience stress, coughing,
wheezing, allergic reaction, asthma
Increases risk of lung cancer among
nonsmokers by 34%
20% of lung cancer deaths among
nonsmokers are attributed to passive
smoke
A Gateway Drug
Smoking is one of the primary
sources of drug interaction in the
human body
Tolerance: reduced sensitivity
resulting in the need for increased
dosage to achieve the desired drug
effect
Constituents of Tobacco
There are over 4,000 other harmful
chemicals that can be found in
tobacco smoke!!
Chemical Constituents
Nicotine ( causes addiction )
Carbon Monoxide ( exhaust from cars
)
Formaldehyde ( preserves dead
bodies )
Ammonia ( cleaner )
Carbon Dioxide ( global warming )
Tar (contains several carcinogens)
Metal Constituents
Aluminum
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Zinc
Nicotine Addiction
What Causes Nicotine
Addiction?
Nicotine is an addictive drug
It causes chemical changes in the
brain
Causes unpleasant withdrawal
symptoms similar to heroin or
cocaine.
Good feelings that result when
nicotine is present and bad feelings
when it is absent
What else does Nicotine do to
the Body ?
The body responds immediately the
chemical nicotine
Causes short term increase in;
Blood pressure
Heart rate
Flow of blood from the heart
Arteries narrow
What else does Nicotine do to
the Body ?
Carbon monoxide reduces the amount
of oxygen the blood can carry
Creates an imbalance between the
demand for oxygen by the cells and
the amount of oxygen the blood can
supply
How does Carbon Monoxide
increase the risk of heart
attacks?
Hardening of the arteries:
Carbon monoxide may damage the
inner walls of the arteries
Encourages the buildup of fat in the
arteries
Vessels narrow and harden
How does Nicotine increase the
risk of heart attacks?
Causes several changes in the blood
that form blood clots
Heart attacks and Strokes are more
likely
Symptoms of Nicotine
Withdrawal
Nicotine is rapidly eliminated by the
kidneys. It remains in the body for
about two hours
Symptoms:
Irritability
Impatience
Hostility
Anxiety
Depression
Difficulty concentrating
Smokeless Tobacco
Three Forms
Plug
Shredded tobacco leaves which are pressed into
a hard block and placed between the cheek and
gum (a wad).
Chew
Shredded tobacco leaves placed between the
cheek and gum (a wad).
Snuff
Ground-up moist tobacco placed between the
bottom lip and gum (dipping).
Ingredients
Nicotine
Carcinogens (nitro amines)
Sweeteners (sugars and flavorings)
Abrasives
Salt
Other chemicals (hundreds of other
chemicals)
Risks
Mouth Cancer (50% higher)
Throat / Stomach Cancer (larynx /
esophagus)
Heart Disease
Dental diseases
Peptic Ulcers
Loss of taste and smell
Decrease in physical well being
Nicotine Addiction
Nicotine is just as addictive as
cocaine or heroin
Each tin of snuff contains a lethal
dose of nicotine
Holding a chew or dip in your mouth
for 30 minutes equals four
cigarettes
Quitting Tips
Make a list of all the reason you want
to quit
Pick a date to quit and make it public
Make it difficult to use tobacco
Get more exercise
Avoid situation and people that use
Get nicotine out of the body
Reward yourself frequently
How to Say No
Just say “NO”
Leave the area
Make an excuse
Suggest a better idea
Explain the dangers of chewing