Transcript US-U5-L4
US-U5-L4 SSUSH13a-d • a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry. • b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements. • c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP. • d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2ppaJwQ9UM&feature=related The Jungle • The Jungle is a novel written by Upton Sinclair in 1906 about the dangers of the meatpacking industry through an immigrant family’s fictional story. • Sinclair’s intention was not to expose the meatpacking industry, but to expose the poverty, lack of social programs, corruption of those in power and poor working conditions. Impact of The Jungle • The meatpacking industry’s unsanitary conditions were exposed and Congress was forced to pass laws to regulate the meatpacking industry so that food was safe to consume. • Federal Laws – Meat Inspection Act was passed – Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 – From those two programs came the Food and Drug Administration in 1930 that is still in effect today. Hull House • Jane Addams brought the idea of settlement houses to the US from Britain. • The Hull House was located in Chicago and was established to teach http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php recently immigrated peoples ?v=100787449933449 to cook, clean, administer basic first aid, speak the English language, and know their legal rights, etc. • This brought about other social service work where women played key roles. Women and Reform Movements • Women were major contributors to many reform movements including: – Child labor – Women’s suffrage (right to vote) – Education – Prohibition/temperance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChWXyeUTKg8 Jim Crow • Jim Crow Laws-named after a fictional character in a song • Called for the grandfather clause, poll taxes, residency requirements, and literacy tests for voting rights for African Americans, Mexican Americans and some whites until about 1910. • The grandfather clause in this instance refers to if a person’s grandfather could vote before the Civil War then the person trying to vote would be allowed to vote as well, if not they were not “grandfathered in”. Plessy v. Ferguson • Homer Plessy was a free person that was 7/8th white and 1/8th black. He tried to board a whites only railroad car in Louisiana, but according to state law he was black, therefore this action was illegal. • He refused to move to the colored car and was subsequently arrested. • The case went all the way to the Supreme Court. • The phrase that is attached to this ruling is “Separate but Equal” and it applied to most areas of society, i.e. schools, restaurants, water fountains, etc. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWPZl8vokTo NAACP • A group that formed in response to the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling was National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), by about 60 people including W.E.B. DuBois. • The NAACP wanted full civil rights for African Americans (equal pay, total voting rights without prejudice, etc.) • This group is still around today and will still support civil rights cases. Ida Tarbell • Ida Tarbell wrote articles for a magazine exposing big business corruption of the Standard Oil Company as well as political corruption in New York and Chicago. • Her findings helped to cause the government to interfere and break up the Standard Oil Company. • Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair are both muckrakers because they stir up drama that later causes political or social change. Closing • What was the impact of The Jungle? • What were 3 reform movements that women played a prominent role in? • What was Homer Plessy chosen to represent the African Americans on a white railcar? • What was the name that was given to journalists like Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell?