Transcript RevLessAQA_GCSESciB1_3PPt

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
The
use
and
abuse
The use and abuse of
of drugs
drugs
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Overview
A drug is a substance that alters the way the body works.
Drugs can be split into three main categories:
• medicinal drugs — used to prevent or fight diseases and
other health problems
• recreational drugs — used for pleasure
• performance-enhancing drugs — used to improve strength,
speed etc.
How many drugs in each of the categories above do you know?
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Medicinal drugs
Drugs have been used for thousands of years to cure ailments.
All drugs have some potential side effects that can affect people
(as in the case of thalidomide) and so have to be thoroughly
tested through clinical trials.
What are the ethical issues involved in testing new drugs on
animals?
What are the ethical issues involved in testing new drugs on
people?
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Thalidomide
Thalidomide was developed for sleeping problems but it was
found to relieve morning sickness in pregnant women. However
it also caused their children to have deformed limbs.
It was banned, but it is now used for treating leprosy.
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Performance-enhancing drugs
Whenever there have been competitions, there have been
people prepared to cheat. Drugs have been used to improve:
• strength — steroids build muscle
• size — HGH (human growth hormone) increases height
• stamina — EPO is used in endurance sports such as cycling
• precision — beta-blockers can improve ability in sports such
as snooker
These drugs all have known side effects.
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Recreational drugs
Drugs are taken by some people for pleasure despite their
proven harmful side effects. Examples are:
• alcohol — causes liver and brain damage
• tobacco — lung cancer and emphysema
• marijuana — mental problems
• solvents — brain damage
People who use illegal hard drugs such as heroin and cocaine
use, or have used, recreational drugs.
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Alcohol
Classification
Effects on the body
It is illegal for anyone under the
• Feel relaxed
age of 18 to buy alcoholic drinks.
• Lose inhibitions
It is illegal for someone over 18 to
• Can become loud and sometimes
supply alcoholic drinks to
someone under 18.
aggressive
• Unconsciousness
• Increased blood pressure
• Possible liver and brain damage
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Solvents
Glue, lighter fluid, paint thinners, correcting fluid
Classification
Effects on the body
It is illegal for a retailer to sell a
• Brief feeling of euphoria
solvent to anyone under the age
• Lose inhibitions
of 18 if they believe it will be used
for inhaling to cause intoxication.
• Blurred vision
• Dizziness
• Blackouts
• Possible lung, liver and brain damage
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Cocaine
Classification
Effects on the body
Class A or ‘hard’ drug.
• Feeling of well-being and confidence
Illegal to possess or sell.
• Increased heart rate and blood
pressure
• Highly addictive
• Depression
• Mental health problems
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Heroin
Classification
Effects on the body
Class A or ‘hard’ drug.
• Feeling of well-being
Illegal to possess or sell.
• Drowsiness
• Blurred vision
• Vomiting
• Highly addictive
• Can cause a coma or death when
taken in large amounts
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AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science
Biology 1 Topic 3
Recreational drugs — what do you
think?
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Do you think drugs like cannabis should be legalised?
What are the advantages and disadvantages?
What would happen if all drugs were made legal?
What are your views on this?
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