Transcript Immigration - Team 9 Titans Lincoln Middle School

Progressives

Fighting Corruption

a. What is corruption?
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b. What are political machines?

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
Dishonest or illegal actions
Ex: governor takes “government” plane to a vacation
Ex: town councilman takes a bribe and votes to build a highway
Powerful organizations linked to political parties
Controlled local government (city council, mayor etc…)
Controlled who got government jobs
c. Who is Boss Tweed?

William Tweed who controls NYC Democratic Party
Corruption
Political Machines
& Boss Tweed
• William
M. Tweed ran New York City’s
Democratic Party political machine
• The Tweed Ring controlled the city’s
police, courts and some newpapers
•Collected millions of dollars in bribes
Thomas Nast
• Newspaper cartoonist exposes
corruption in NYC in the paper
• Tweed is investigated, arrested,
found guilty and sent to prison
• Cities across the nation attempt to
end corruption
Spoils System
Spoils System
Pendelton Act
Jackson formalized practice of
patronage that gives supporters jobs in
government
• Many people who get jobs are
unqualified
• President Hayes and Garfield attempt to
end the system
• President Arthur signs bill that
establishes the Civil Service
Commission
• Applicants for federal government
jobs must pass examination
demonstrating the skills necessary
for the job
• Andrew
What company?
Monopoly
Monopoly
Sherman-Anti Trust Act
• Trusts
• In
• Many believed they had too much money
and power
•Most famous monopoly broken up was the
Standard Oil Trust
and monopolies controlled certain
key industries (oil, steel etc…)
early, 1900s, the law is used to break
up monopolies
• T. Roosevelt was known as the “trust
buster”
Railroads
ICC
Oligopoly
• A few
companies controlled prices of
railroads in the entire industry
• In
1887, Interstate Commerce Act passed
• Required railroad companies to charge
and publish “reasonable and just” rates
Food
Food
Mukrakers &
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle
• “Horrors” of the meatpacking industry
• Muckrakers
are reporters who expose
corruption in society
(muck = dirt = corruption)
• Upton Sinclair writes a book about the
meat packing industry shocking people
• Congress passes the Meat Inspection
Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act
Muckrakers
a. Who where the Muckrakers? How did they
expose problems in America?
 Muckrakers are reporters who expose corruption in
society (muck = dirt = corruption)
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Ida Tarbell = exposed unfair practices of Standard Oil
Upton Sinclair = “horrors” food industry
Robert La Follette = encouraged direct primary elections

What were three causes “women” fought
for to improve America?
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Suffrage – “woman’s vote”
Charities and Community Organization –
settlement houses and libraries
Prohibition – banning alcohol

What three presidents are known as
“progressive presidents”? List one cause that
they helped reform.
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Theodore Roosevelt - conservation
William Howard Taft – anti-trusts & worker safety
Woodrow Wilson – tariff reform
Roosevelt’s Square Deal
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“Fair and equal treatment for all citizens”
Proposed an active role for FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT to balance problems
between “big business” and “labor”
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Treated labor unions as equals (miner’s strike)
Uses Sherman Anti-Trust Act – against trusts
Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act – safer
food by inspection
Antiquities Act – president controls “public lands”
“Progressive” Amendments

16th Amendment – Income Tax
(allows for tariff reform and prohibition of liquor)
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17th Amendment – Direct Election of Senators
(more democracy – people vote)
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18th Amendment – Prohibition of Liquor
(no making, transporting, buying or selling of liquor)
19th Amendment – Women’s Right to Vote
(allows for women to vote in all elections)
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