Transcript UNDERSTANDING CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR: WHY SOME PEOPLE …

SOCIALIZATION AND
CHANGE:
The Journey into Crime and
Addiction
Presented by:
Kenneth L. Osborne
GOALS
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Examine the social
impact of drug use
Discuss the formation of
normative beliefs
surrounding drug use
Examine the stages of
change in and out of
drug addiction
It is better to know some of the
questions than all of the answers
James Thurber
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Why does addiction continue despite negative
consequences?
Why is addiction so difficult to treat?
Why is Relapse so ubiquitous?
Why is addiction and co-occurring disorders so
prevalent?
The Social Impact of Drug Abuse
Drug Use
Sociological
Determinants
Family
Systems
Societal
Influence
ONDCP/FEB2001
Macro Environmental
Influence
Availability
Economy
Social
Policies
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The Formation of Normative Beliefs
surrounding drug use
Initiator
Stimuli:
Component
Affective
Manifestation
Emotions or
feelings
•People, places,
things
•Perception of
social or
normative
pressure exerted
to use
Attitude
Cognitive
Personal Beliefs
Behavioral
Behavioral
intentions
Overall
orientation
toward
object.
The road out of the “Nothing Works”
theory
Early treatment efforts were
viewed as operating on hope
and informed speculation
rather than verified
information. This opinion
helped fuel the conclusion that
“nothing works” in treating
drug involved offenders.
The later part of the 20th
century saw a significant
change in this thinking based
on the use of empirical data to
prove the benefits of
treatment
THE EVOLUTION OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE RESPONSES TOWARD
ILLICIT DRUG USE
The criminal justice response to covert drug
use began in the 1950’s. The strategy was one
of incapacitation. The response was to be
swift, certain and severe to discourage
continued behavior.
Socialization of the Drug Involved
Offender
Drug involved offenders often belong to an
informal network of individuals where patterns of
perceiving, thinking, feeling and behaving promote
illicit and excessive drug.
This group encompasses a diverse collection of
subcultures organized geographically, ethnically,
socioeconomically and through each subculture’s
drug (s) of choice
The pilgrimage into crime and drug
abuse
Intentional behavior
 Altered Consciousness / Curiosity
 Personality and Coping
 Changes and Conflicts in Society
 Heredity
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Traditional etiological perspectives on
Addiction
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Genetic / Physiological
Personality/ Intrapsychic
Coping / Social
Conditioning / Reinforcement
Compulsive / Excessive behavior
Biopsychosocial
What you call it matters
The ways used to describe addiction affect the ways in
which one thinks about the problem and what to do
about it.
Drunkards
Methmonster
Pothead
Crackhead
Dipsomaniacs
Dope fiends
Criminal drug user
Addiction is linked to our primal
survivor instincts…..
We must face the fact that
we are
dealing with people whose
Brains
may have been permanently
changed by Drug use
Simple Brain Structure
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Frontal Lobe ( Cortex )
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Mid brain ( Limbic )
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Judgement and reason
Emotions and reward sites
Hind brain ( Stem )
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Bodily functions
Why is relapse so ubiquitous?
Often treatment efforts only effect or
disassemble one or more components or
processes of addiction, and the remaining
ones are protected by redundancies or
quickly reassembles itself.
TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL- the
Integrating Principle for Change
TTM consists of four
dimensions of change and
their interactions:
Stages of change
Processes of change
Markers of change
Context of change
Stages of Change- the road
map in and out of addiction
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Concerned about the
need
Convinced and the
decision to change
Create and Commit to a
viable plan
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Precontemplation
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Contemplation
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Preparation
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Carry out the plan
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Action
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Consolidate the plan
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Maintenance
Blending of Policy and
Practice
Treatment
Punishment
and
Accountability
The new world order - Ethical
Paradigm shift for Correction
Treatment Professionals
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The primary measure of treatment success is that of
the protection of society rather than the alleviation of
the offenders suffering
Treatment does not have to be voluntary in order to
be effective
There will be times when confidentiality must be
breached
Generally, the offender cannot choose the therapy or
therapist
Offenders may receive therapeutic engagements from
non-clinicians or unqualified staff
At time treatment may require infringements on an
offenders right to privacy
3 Keys of Successful Change
efforts
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The client must stand in the place of
decisional balance
Clients can change through structured
therapeutic processes that get to the heart
of the matter
The individuals and systems who serve
the client must change as well
Resources used for this
presentation
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The Criminal Personality Volume III 1986 Samenow and Yochelson
The Criminal Lifestyle: Patterns of Serious Criminal conduct 1990
Walters, Glenn D
The Psychology of Criminal Conduct 1994 Andrew and Bonta
Pathways: From the Culture of Addiction to the Culture of Recovery
1996 White, William
Substance Abuse Treatment for Criminal Offenders 2003 Springer,
McNeece and Arnold
Leading for Change: Lessons form the field of Criminal Justice
Treatment, Applied Leadership 2005 Osborne, Kenneth L.
Rethinking Substance Abuse 2006 Miller and Carroll
Our Next Webinar
Wednesday Oct. 19,2011 2:00 pm (est.)
Partners in Crime Reduction:
Building Stronger Relationships among Correctional Officers
and Treatment staff to ensure Program Effectiveness
The relationships between security officers (uniformed staff) and
treatment providers (non-uniformed staff) within a RSAT Program is
essential to the proper functioning of a structured, consistent and
successful program. This Webinar will bring together a former RSAT
Treatment Director and retired RSAT Lead Officer who together created
the first RSAT Program in Massachusetts. They bring first-hand knowledge
of the keys to successful partnerships and how to avoid potential pitfalls.
Presenters: Ret. Captain Mark Thompson
Roberta C. Churchill, M.A.