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© Learning ZoneXpress 1 Think about it • You are pulling an “all-nighter.” How are you going to stay awake? © Learning ZoneXpress 2 Caffeine • A natural chemical found in tea leaves, coffee beans, cocoa beans, and kola nuts • Found in many common foods and drinks including: • • • • • • Coffee Soft drinks Tea Chocolate Energy drinks Medicines • Classified as a drug • Caffeine is a stimulant and can be addictive © Learning ZoneXpress 3 Caffeinated Candy • Chocolate naturally has caffeine • Companies creating caffeinated candy: • Breath mints • Gum • Chocolate covered coffee beans © Learning ZoneXpress 4 Caffeine: How Does it Work? • Absorbed in the stomach and the intestine • Stimulates brain activity • Physiologic effects: • • • • • © Learning ZoneXpress Increase blood pressure Increase pulse Increase stomach acid production Fat stores break down Fatty acids released into blood stream 5 Too Much Caffeine • • • • Insomnia Restlessness Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure • Abnormal heart rhythm • Anxiety/ nervousness • Irritability © Learning ZoneXpress 6 Caffeine Sensitivity Several factors influence sensitivity: • Body Mass • History of caffeine use • Stress © Learning ZoneXpress 7 Caffeine Withdrawal Withdrawal symptoms: • Headache • Tiredness • Mood swings • Jittery feeling • Difficulty concentrating © Learning ZoneXpress 8 Prevent Withdrawal Symptoms • Taper your caffeine intake • Eat small, frequent meals • Exercise • Get enough sleep © Learning ZoneXpress 9 Caffeine Comparison Drink Caffeine Brewed coffee 134 - 240 mg Energy drink 72 - 150 mg Tea 48 - 175 mg Soft drink 22 - 46 mg © Learning ZoneXpress 10 Alternatives to Caffeine • Carbonated Beverages: • Lemon-lime soda • Orange soda • Root beer • Decaffeinated coffee and tea • Candies: • Caramels • Licorice CAFFEINE • Gum drops © Learning ZoneXpress 11 Caffeine and Health Studies have found no substantial evidence linking caffeine to these conditions: • Blood Pressure • Cardiac Arrhythmias • Pregnancy • Osteoporosis • Cancer © Learning ZoneXpress 12 Caffeine and Hyperactivity • Average intake ages 5-18: 35-40 mg/day • No evidence caffeine contributes to hyperactivity • May have calming effect © Learning ZoneXpress 13 What about fluid balance? • Fluid balance • Fluid loss = fluid taken in • Does caffeine influence fluid balance? • No dehydration and GI upset • Slow re-hydration after exercise © Learning ZoneXpress 14 Caffeine: Ergogenic Aid? • Ergogenic: increases muscular work capacity and overall performance • Caffeine can be ergogenic at low to moderate doses • Caffeine may increase endurance time • Individual variation, try in training first © Learning ZoneXpress 15 Would you drink a beverage that claims to… • …improve performance? • …increase concentration? • …improve reaction speed? • …increase metabolism? © Learning ZoneXpress 16 Statistics • 7.6 million (approximately 31%) of U.S. teenagers say they drink energy drinks. • In 2006, $2.3 billion was spent by teens and young adults on energy drinks © Learning ZoneXpress 17 Energy Drinks • Canned or bottled carbonated beverages with high amounts of sugar, caffeine, herbal stimulants and supplements • Marketed with claims of: • Increased endurance • Strength and power • Weight loss • Feelings of euphoria © Learning ZoneXpress 18 History of Energy Drinks • Originated in Asia and Europe in the 1960s • First appeared in the U.S. in the 1980s with Jolt Cola © Learning ZoneXpress 19 A Common Misconception Sports drinks and energy drinks are not the same. Energy Drinks • Caffeine filled • High concentration of sugar • Contain herbal stimulants Sports Drinks • Fluid balance • Electrolyte concentration • Provide energy • Isotonic © Learning ZoneXpress 20 Energy Drinks and the Athlete • No energy drink can make you a better athlete • Sugar, caffeine, and stimulants may cause an athlete to crash • There is no substitute for hard work, good training, healthy diet, and adequate rest © Learning ZoneXpress 21 Do you know what you are drinking? • • • • • • • • • Taurine Guarana B-Vitamins ?? Glucuronolactone Ginseng Yerba Mate Green Tea Cordyceps ? • • • • • • • • Carnitine Creatine ? Ginkgo Biloba Inositol Bitter Orange Milk Thistle Goji Berries Garcinia Cambogina Rind Aloe Vera Leaf © Learning ZoneXpress ? ? 22 What’s inside? Guarana • A shrub that grows in South America • Extracts of the plant, fruit, or seed • A stimulant and flavoring • 1 gram of guarana contains as much caffeine (40 mg) as a medium strength cup of coffee © Learning ZoneXpress 23 What’s inside? Taurine • Believed to enhance the effects of caffeine • Involved in a number of physiological processes including neuronal excitability • Energy drinks contain up to 10 times the usual intake from diet © Learning ZoneXpress 24 What’s inside? Glucuronolactone • “Increases feelings of wellbeing” • A normal, human metabolite formed from glucose • When glucuronolactone is taken orally, it is rapidly absorbed, metabolized, and excreted • 600mg/can, normal human intake 250mg/day © Learning ZoneXpress 25 What’s inside? B-Group Vitamins B-vitamins include: • • • • Thiamine (B1) Riboflavin (B2) Niacin (B3) Pyrodoxine (B6) • Claims to burn fat • Excess B-vitamins are excreted in urine © Learning ZoneXpress 26 Energy Drink Regulation • Energy drinks are currently unregulated in the United States • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires beverage manufacturers to list the presence of caffeine on the label, but not the amount of caffeine in the product • Herbs and supplements added to energy drinks are not strictly regulated by the FDA © Learning ZoneXpress 27 Review • What factors influence caffeine sensitivity? • Body mass, history of caffeine use, stress level • Name some beverages that are caffeine free. • Lemon-lime soda, orange soda, root beer, water, milk, fruit juice, etc. © Learning ZoneXpress 28 Review • What are some marketing claims of energy drinks? • Increased endurance, strength and power, weight loss, feelings of euphoria • Why are energy drinks not a good choice for athletic events? • The amount of caffeine in energy drinks is dehydrating and the high sugar content can cause an athlete to “crash” © Learning ZoneXpress 29 Review • Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system which makes us feel more awake and alert • Energy drinks have a high caffeine and sugar content • Herbal supplements in energy drinks are not regulated and are not guaranteed safe © Learning ZoneXpress 30 Web Resources • Caffeine Awareness: www.caffeineawareness.org • American Beverage Association: www.ameribev.org • Energy Drinks and Food Bars: Power or Hype?: http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutritio n/energy.html • Caffeine: http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/nutrition/general/caff eine.html © Learning ZoneXpress 31