Transcript Document

The Progressive Era,
1880-1920
The Progressive Era, 1880-1920
Main points & Issues
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Origins of Progressivism
Characteristics and Beliefs
Moderate Responses to Extremes in
America
Major Trends and Examples
Successes and Legacies
Origins of Progressivism
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Reaction to “extremes” of modern life
Capitalism & individualism
Urbanization & Industrialization
Labor conflict
Immigration
Environmental exploitation
Social “problems”
Characteristics
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Middle class
morality
Moderation
Scientific
Order and stability
Active government
Collective
responsibility
Characteristics
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Conservation of
resources
Assimilation
Social Gospel
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Notes pg. 238-239
Professional
Organizations
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Economic Extremes
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Corporate control of industry,
resources
Rockefeller & Oil (1911)
Carnegie & U.S. Steel
“Big Four” railroads
Political influence
Anti-democratic
Immigration&
Progressivism
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9 million between 1900-1910
The American Dream?
Tenements and sweatshops
Racial hierarchies
Ethnic enclaves
Southeastern Europe, Catholic,
languages and customs
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Drinking
Controlling Immigration
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1882: Immigration Act
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Immigration Act of 1891
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Tax, “idiots, lunatics, convicts, and persons likely to
become a public charge”
Polygamists, moral turpitude, diseases
Office of the Superintendent of Immigration
1894: Immigration Restriction League
1895: Bureau of Immigration
1903: Moved to Department of Commerce &
Labor
ADD TO IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS
TIMELINE
Public Health and Cities
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No clean water
Sewage systems
Tenements
Ventilation & fire
codes
Zoning & regulation
Tuberculosis &
disease
Progressive Journalism
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Corruption and social injustice
Raise the consciousness of America
Morality, Democracy, Christianity
Muckrakers
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Ida B. Wells and lynching
Ida Tarbell and Standard Oil
Upton Sinclair and The Jungle, 1906
Progressivism
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Produce superior races
of people
Social Darwinism
No miscegenation
Anti-immigration
Control & organize races
Racial purity
“Intelligence”
Sterilization
“Fitter families & better babies”
Child Labor
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No regulations
Few public schools
Cotton fields,
factories and coal
mines
People of color
Immigrants
Working class poor
whites, southerners
National Progressivism
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Power of government to
regulate national activities
Theodore Roosevelt
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Trust-busting
Active Gov’t
Global Power
Conservation
Americanization
Eugenics
Woodrow Wilson
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Southerner
New Jersey, Princeton
1912 & 1916
Child labor, FTC, farms,
workers compensation,
anti-monopoly
Opposed women’s
suffrage
Supported segregation
Reform Legislation
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1906: Pure Food and Drug Act
1913: 16th Amendment (Taxes)
1913: 17th Amendment (Senators)
1913: Harrison Act regulated narcotics
1918: 18th Amendment (Prohibition)
1920: 19th Amendment (Women’s
voting)
Racial Equality
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National Association for the
Advancement of Colored
People, 1909
Society for American
Indians, 1911
League of United Latin
American Citizens, 1929
Japanese American
Citizens League, 1929
Women’s Suffrage-pgs. 296-297 (Notes)
Conclusions
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Reaction to extremes of modern life
Middle class reform and regulation
Government activity in economy
A range of reform activities
Assimilation and progressivism
It had a wicked side to it…