Transcript General Pharmacology An Overview

General Pharmacology
An Overview
By
Mueen Ahmed K K
Govt College of Pharmacy,
Bangalore
[email protected]
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
1
What is Pharmacology ?
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
What body does to drug
What drug does to body
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
2
Sources of Drugs
 Animals
 Plants
 Minerals
 Synthetic
 Microbes
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
3
Routes of Drug Administration
 Local
 Enteral
 Parenteral
Inhalation, IV,IM,SC…
 Transmucosal
Route
Sublingual
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
4
Pharmacokinetics
Drug Movement in Body
Absorption
 Distribution
 Metabolism
 Excretion

7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
5
DRUG
Absorption
Site of Action
DISTRIBUTION
TWO WAY
ONE WAY
Metabolism
7/17/2015
Excretion
http://www.inpharm.org/
6
Absorption
Entry of Drug into Body
DRUG
DRUG
Many Factors which
effects Drug Absorption
DRUG
Body
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
7
Factors- Absorption
 Physical
Properties of drug
 Nature of Drug
 Physiological Factors
 Diseased state
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
8
Physical Properties - Absorption
 Physical
State
 Solubility
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
9
Dosage Forms - Absorption
 Formulation
Type
 Particle Size of Drug
 Disintegration Time
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
10
Physiological Factors- Absorption
 PH of
GI fluid
 Ionization
 GI Transit Time
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
11
Diseased State - Absorption
 Renal
Failure
 Liver Disorders
 Gastric Disorders
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
12
Time to Learn Bioavailability
Amount of Drug that reaches systemic circulation after
administration
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
13
Absorption Through GUT
 Passive
Diffusion
 Active Diffusion
 Pinocytosis
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
14
DISTRIBUTION

Step 2 in ADME profile
Drug from absorption phase to distribution phase
Blood
Interstitial Fluids
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
15
Factors - Distribution
 Physicochemical
properties of drug
 Protein
binding
 Metabolism Rate
 Excretion Rate
Vd = Apparent Volume of Distribution
Total amount of drug in body
Concn of drug in plasma at 0 time
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
16
METABOLISM
Step 3 in ADME profile of a drug
Major organ – LIVER
Active to Inactive , Inactive to Active
Liver enzymes – 2 phases
Phase I : oxidation, reduction, hydolysis…
Phase II : Conjugation
PRODRUG ?
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
17
EXCRETION
Last step in ADME profile of a drug.
Kidney
Lungs
Sweat
Saliva
Bile
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
18
Presentation Map







What is pharmacology?
Divisions in Pharmacology
ADME
Absorption : Factors, process
Distribution : Factors.
Metabolism : organs involved, steps.
Excretion : organs involved.
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
19
Attend Forthcoming Seminars –
“ ABSORPTION OF DRUGS
INTO BODY”
By
Mueen Ahmed K K
Govt College of Pharmacy,
Bangalore – INDIA
Venue : GCP Seminar Hall
Date : To be announced later
Queries to [email protected]
Thanks for Calm Hearing
7/17/2015
http://www.inpharm.org/
20