Transcript DE STRAFRECHTELIJKE REACTIE OP DRUGGEBRUIK

Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Framework to structure the
discussion on the role of the EMCDDA
in the monitoring of drug supply in
Europe
Prof dr. Brice De Ruyver
Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA
November 2008
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Universiteitstraat 4, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Key Questions
 How can the EMCDDA develop drug supply information,
collection and analysis?
 What data should the EMCDDA collect in the area of supply
in order to fulfil its mandate?
 Who could be national partners?
 What could be topics?
 How to link demand reduction and supply reduction
information?
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Universiteitstraat 4, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Starting points
1. The EMCDDA plays a role to map the supply-side.
• Not the core-business of the EMCDDA, but the task
of other organisations.
› UNODC, Interpol, Europol: specific areas/ drug
production and trafficking linked to organised
crime  large-scale and geographically limited.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Starting points
2. European drug policy stands for an integrated policy,
starting from an epidemiological basis, influencing the
demand- and supply-side.
Attaining this by:
• A spectrum of facilities in the fields of prevention,
•
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treatment, harm reduction and aftercare= tackling the
demand-side.
Roughly: law enforcement (criminal, administrative and
fiscal law measures)= tackling the supply-side.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Starting points
3. Phenomenological: demand- and supply-side interact
constantly.
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This interaction is very evolutive for specific areas of the
drug market (synthetic drugs, retail trade) also
concerning the supply, price and quality.
Push on the supply-side creates demand-side (pushfactor)
The phase in which demand and supply meet
on the illegal drug market = very relevant
•
•
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For the actors and domains which influence the
demand-side.
For the actors who tackle the supply-side.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Starting points
•
•
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It completes the sight upon the integral supply-chain 
essential to combat the supply-side in its entirety.
Yields a lot of information about:
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How the supply-side influences the demand-side.
The used market strategies.
The way the demand-side looks for entrance to the
supply-channels and the issues deriving from the latter
(drug tourism, drug related crime and drug related
nuisance).
Universiteitstraat 4, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Starting points
4. Gain insight into the nature of the drug market 
contextualising essential.
This contextualisation relates to:
•
•
•
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Political factors (national, (EU)-regional, local).
Cultural factors (traditions in a multicultural society,
the Dutch coffee shops).
Economic factors (illegal economy as a push-factor).
Universiteitstraat 4, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Conclusion
1. UN-annual reports (UNODC, CND, INCB)
•
Based upon questionnaires of member states and feeded by
law enforcement-dates derived from seizures (= 10% of the
real scale).
2. Interpol
•
•
Is ± reliable concerning the seizures, but some limitations
can be stressed (only registered seizures  activity
measure of the police and customs + cfr. supra).
As worldwide structured organisation, Europol offers a quite
fragmental picture.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Conclusion
3. Europol
• Not able to play a prominent role in supply data registering.
• Fails to produce strategical analysis of the drug traffic from the EU,
•
•
which should be the case (entrance to Interpol-data, h.o.-network).
OCTA (monitoring-based) only gives a fragmental picture.
Not the appropriate instrument to concern itself with regional and
local drug markets.
4. Customs
• WCO: worldwide, well-structured
 very thorough perception of
drug traffics.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Conclusion
 Conclusion: There is a big gap in the
monitoring of regional and local drug
markets.
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Proposal
1. Need for strategical consultation between all
international services which collect
information about the supply-side.
› Aim: to complete the monitoring on the integral
supply-chain particulary with qualitative data (due
to the impossibility to deliver complete and reliable
quantitative data).
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Meeting Scientific Committee EMCDDA 17th-18th November 2008
Proposal
2. For the reasons mentioned before, the EMCDDA can
play an important role with regard to the qualitative
aspects of the micro-supply- monitoring (regional and
local drug markets). The macro-supply is more a task
for more law enforcement –oriented organisations.
3. How? The EMCDDA can depend on the appropriate
channels (NFP’s, expert meetings, selected issues) for
the delivery of data, its contextualisation (cfr supra)
and the instigation of strategic policy analysis.
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