Transcript Document
Automation: Practice
& Pitfalls
Presented by:
Geoff Phipps
Principal Pharmacist – Operations
&
David Ledger
Principal Pharmacist – Technical Services
Dudley Group of Hospitals – NHS Trust
Automation: Practice & Pitfalls
Split into small groups (2 or 3) & take a few
minutes to think of any types of automation you
have seen or had experience of.
Report back to this group the ideas you have
come up with.
Consider the benefits & disadvantages of the
examples you have come up with.
We will then give you our experiences of the
robotic dispenser recently installed @ RHH
Robotic Dispenser
Benefits of Robotic Dispensing
Saves time
Saves space
Aids Stock Control & Stock Rotation
Supports OPD & 1 stop dispensing
Improves security
Should reduce errors
Allows advantageous skill mix review
Business Case Considerations
Need a Business Case that might include:
Original Pack Dispensing
NHS Plan / ‘Spoonful of sugar’
‘Human’ Dispensing Errors
Reduction in Patient delay
Space saving
Reduces waste & Improves Stock Control
Improvement of ‘Skill Mix’
Don’t forget Interface – 2 ends
How big will you need it?
What will you put in it?
Where are you going to put it?
What is your workload activity?
What will you put in it?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bulk Stock
Ward & Outpatient items
Only ‘boxed’ items
Only ‘small’ items
Only ‘Bar coded’ items
Only ‘lightweight’ items
Where are you going to put it?
What will it be used for?
Delivery time? Chutes, Belts, or Air tube?
What space available?
Number of robotic arms?
Height of the ceiling?
Fire regulations?
Ease of maintenance?
Noise of Robot & delivery belts?
Where are you going to put it?
(contd)
Also consider any weight restrictions on the
building – involve Estates Dept at an early stage
You need an adjacent work area
Commissioning – What we did
Having decided on position we installed:
Direct dial telephone line
Network connection
Electrical Power points
Resited Fire Detectors / Extinguishers
Moved lights
Decided on ‘chute’ locations & moved PC’s
Involved Estates Dept & IT
Built ‘Drug File’ for the Robot
Commissioning – What we did (contd)
Initially loaded items in the robot & used for
storage – allowed familiarity
After JAC interface loaded used the robot for
picking
Delivery / assembly took 1 week
Testing & training took 1 week
The Drug File
• For JAC – Input EAN code for each drug /
packsize going in to the robot
• EAN code input by scanning or keyboard
• EAN code against the FIRST supplier in list
• Exported file to EXCEL & using combination of
WORDPAD & EXCEL formatted to the suppliers
protocol
• Loaded file into robot
• Took 10 days to complete
The Drug File – (continued)
• New or missed drugs are added into the
‘Interface’ computer direct or ‘off-site’ using ‘PC
DUO’
• Must keep up with changes to suppliers
• Must add additional EAN codes into ‘Interface’
computer
• Be aware that some items have no bar code
• Be aware that some formats of bar code don’t
‘read’
The Drug File – (continued)
• Could input ALL data & codes into ‘Interface’
computer manually!
• Would take MUCH longer
• Beware of long drug names
• Trade names may be an easier way of ID ing
certain lines
What worked well
Caused minimal disruption, but do need
‘Superusers’
Staff accepted the change well
Automated picking worked well, just prior to
Xmas
Company support – Very Good
Enabled ‘space saving’ exercise
Perceived time saving by Storekeeper
Job satisfaction
Problems - Initial
Addictive – to input items
No Official Manual
Bar codes missing – Contract changes
Some products input twice! Should have used
alternate EAN
Should have had a dedicated phone line
Only accepted 13, 7 & 8 digit bar codes
There are also 14, 12, hyphened codes – some
products have none
Cabinet temperature – put PCs & PSU outside
WOT! NO BAR CODE?
What can you do with products
with no readable bar code?
Don’t put the item in the robot!
Use a code from another product e.g. Can of
Coke, Magazine.
Make up your own code
13 digit EAN codes have 1st 7 digits – Company
prefix of which 1st digit is Country origin
The next 5 digits are the item reference
13th digit is a check digit
How do you make your own Bar
Code number?
A 13 digit EAN code has an internal check.
It prevents a misread, but also means its difficult to
invent your own.
Consider the EAN code:
501234567654A
0 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 6 + 4 = 22. 22 x 3 = 66
5 + 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 5 = 26.
66 + 26 = 92
92 + A = 100 Therefore A = 8
But how can I generate bar code
numbers?
Set up an Excel spreadsheet
Decide on a sequence that wont be repeated e.g.
999999912345X
Load the formula into Excel & enter your
numbers
Don’t enter the 13th digit, let the formula do it
for you.
EAN 13 DIGIT BAR CODE CALCULATOR
CALCULATES CHECK DIGIT (NO 13)
CHECK
DIGIT
<------------------------------------------ USE 7 X 9'S
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
.--------------.---------->
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
0
7
4
1
8
4
1
8
108
111
114
117
120
93
96
99
42
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
150
153
156
159
162
136
139
142
Problems - Maintenance
Reboot ‘Visual’ & ‘Robotic’ PC 3 x a week
Reboot ‘Interface’ PC 1 x week
Packs must not be torn
Don’t load items after sticky labels removed
Beware loading when error message displayed
Occasional wrong item picked
Odd pack on floor!
Only picks 1 pack @ a time – beware multiple
dispensing products e.g. Fortisip
Keep daily diary for problems