Transcript Slide 1
CHE 354
Chemical Reactor Design
Friday, January 11, 2007
Chapter 1
Rate Laws
How do we identify a
chemical species?
Kind
Number CH3CH3 +H2 2 CH4
Configuration
The coenzyme folic acid (left) and the
anti-cancer drug methotrexate (right)
are very similar in structure. As a result,
methotrexate is a competitive inhibitor
of many enzymes that use folates.
Production
of Aniline
Unipol Low Density Polyethylene
Note: One of the H will
be replaced by R for a
co-monomer.
Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded
by the space-filling model of the protein. TIM is
an extremely efficient enzyme involved in the
process that converts sugars to energy in the
body.
How do reactions take place?
Decomposition
Combination
Isomerization
Catalytic Cracking
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis
CH4 + O2 + H2O → H2 + CO
(not balanced)
(2n+1)H2 + nCO → CnH(2n+2) + nH2O
Butane Isomerization
Rate of Reaction
rate = amount/(time x “volume”)
amount [=] mol, g
time [=] s, min, h
“volume” [=] L (dm3), kg cat, m2 cat
rA = mol/s/L
rA’ = mol/s/g
rA” = mol/s/m2
Rate of Reaction (cont)
CH3OH + H2O CO2 + 3 H2
A + B C + 3D
rA = -k CA (assume elementary)
= rB = -rC = -rD/3
Reaction Order
1st Order -rA = k CA
2nd Order -rA = k CA2
?? Order -rA = k1 CA/(1+k2 CA)
What do these functions look like?
Batch Reactor Design Equation
dCA
k1C A
rA
dt
1 k2C A
Just a material balance!
Let’s check this out with Polymath!