Transcript Slide 1
The Role of Medicines Lesson #1 Ch. 23 Pg. 586-591 The Role of Medicines • Objective 1: Compare the relationships between medicines, health promotion, and disease prevention. • Objective 2: Discuss the differences between prescription and over-thecounter medicines. • Objective 3: List laws, policies, and practices that relate to the safe use of medicine. Vocabulary • Side effects: Reactions to medicine other than the one intended. • Synergist effect: an interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the medicines are taken alone. • Antagonistic interaction: When the effect of one medicine is canceled or reduced when taken with another. • Psychological dependence: a person believes that a drug is needed in order to feel good or function normally. • Physiological dependence: The user has a chemical need for the drug. The person may experience different levels of withdrawals and in some cases death. Medicines that fight pathogens • Virus: Are pieces of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. They penetrate a host cell to reproduce, eventually killing the cell. Viruses usually run their course and eventually are killed by the immune system • Antiviral medications often only suppress the virus; they don’t kill it. Medicines that Prevent Disease • Vaccines: a vaccine is a preparation introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response. These medicines contain weakened or dead pathogens that stimulate your body to produce specific antibodies. • Antibodies are produced that give your body long-lasting protection against those pathogens in the future. • Antitoxins: These extracts of blood fluids contain antibodies and act more quickly than vaccines. Produced by inoculating animals with specific toxins to stimulate the animals immune system to produce antibodies. • http://streaming.factsonfile.com/PortalViewVideo. aspx?xtid=34123&loid=26488&psid=0&sid=0&State =&title=The Immune System at Work&IsSearch=Y&parentSeriesID= Medicines that fight pathogens • Antibiotics: Class of chemical agents that destroy disease causing microorganisms. Antibiotics work either by killing harmful bacteria or preventing bacteria by reproducing. • Failure to finish the prescription causes the bacteria to change its genetic structure and become resistant to antibiotics. Medicines that relieve pain • Analgesics are also know as pain relievers • Mild medicines: aspirin • Strong medicines: Narcotics such as morphine and codeine. • Aspirin can be dangerous….read page 588 Medicines that promote health • Antihistamines: allergy medicines • Insulin: used to treat diabetes • Zoloft & Prozac: used to treat depression • Chemotherapy: Using special drugs to shrink or kill the cancer. The drugs can be pills you take or medicines given through an intravenous (IV) tube, or, sometimes, both. (center for disease control) • Radiation: destroys cancer cells, or prevents them from growing, by directing highenergy X-rays (radiation) at the cells. (center for disease control) • Many, many more!! Medicine Safety • Prescription medicines VS. over-the-counter medicines. • Pg. 590 figure 23.1 Medicine Misuse • Giving a prescription medicine to a person for whom it was not prescribed or taking another person’s medicine. • Taking too much or too little of a medicine • http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/be stoftv/2011/11/01/exp-cohenempowered-patient-rx-drug-abuse.cnn • http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/be stoftv/2011/04/19/exp.nr.wh.prescriptio n.drug.abuse.cnn • Discontinuing use of a medicine without informing the health care professional • Mixing medicines. DXM • Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a semi synthetic narcotic related to opium found in many over-thecounter cough suppressants. • DXM is found in any drug whose name includes “DM” or “TUSS” DXM sought after effects • Hallucinations • Heightened perceptual awareness • Euphoria • Dissociation DXM slang • • • • • Robo Skittles Vitamin D Dex Tussin DXM adverse effects • Impaired judgment & mental performance • Blurred vision & slurred speech • Dizziness • Nausea, vomiting, vomiting blood • Headache • Irregular heartbeat • High blood pressure • Loss of consciousness • Redness of face • http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=_VIuFW3IBzo Interactive Study Guide • http://glencoe.mcgraw hill.com/sites/dl/free/ 0078726549/360004/Int erActCh23Ls1.html • http://glencoe.mcgraw hill.com/sites/dl/free/ 0078726549/360004/Int erActCh23Ls2.html