Transcript Alcohol Outlets and Problems in Baltimore

Alcohol Outlets and
Problems in Baltimore: What
the Data Say, What the Data
Can’t Say, and Where Do We
Go from Here?
Debra Furr-Holden, PhD
C. Debra Furr-Holden, PhD
Assistant Professor and Director
Drug Investigations, Violence &
Environmental (DIVE) Studies Laboratory
JHU Bloomberg School of Public Health
Department of Mental Health
111 Market Place
Baltimore, MD 21202
Suite 850
[email protected]
www.divestudies.com
Alcohol Systems in Baltimore
Establishments
1. Zoning
2. Board of Liquor License Commissioners
3. Article 2B of the Maryland State Annotated Code
Alcohol Systems in Baltimore
Enforcement
1. Board of Liquor License Commissioners
2. BCPD
3. Maryland State Police
4. Maryland Sherriff's Office
Alcohol Systems in Baltimore
Treatment  Mental Health/Drug Treatment
Federal provisions
Maryland State ADAA regulation
Local (BSAS) coordination
Community Treatment Providers
How We Use Data to Impact
Policy/Enforcement
2 Examples from the Field
Alcohol Zoning Enforcement
• Process evaluation for the Board of Liquor
License Commissioners for Baltimore City
• Review of State Article 2b which states no
alcohol outlet can be within 300 feet of church or
a school
• Queried alcohol outlet database
• Acquired school data from BC MOIT
• Triangulated school, outlet, local data (crime and
violence), youth self-report data
Data is a MAJOR issue
1. Most data was not available in electronic form
•
Location, type, owner information
•
Write over files, versus append data to files
2. Paper records for violations and transfers
3. Antiquated filing system
4. Under performing/unfriendly staff
5. Practices (not policies) that limit access
Liquor Outlets in Baltimore City
Liquor Outlets and Drug Hot Spots
Liquor Outlets & K-12 Schools
Liquor Outlets, K-12
Schools, & Drug Hot Spots
Targeting a Selected Area
A Closer Look
How did this happen???
• A simple oversight with no oversight
• Does it really matter? Is there any real harm?
Conceptual Model
Youth Drug
and Alcohol
Use
Alcohol
Outlets
Alcohol Policy
& Zoning
Enforcement
Youth
Exposure to
VAOD
Physical and
Social
Disorder
Violent
Behavior
Multi-Variable Analysis Results
among High School Youth
9th -12th grade youth who attend schools that have
at least one alcohol outlet within 300 feet of their
school are
• 4.5 times more likely to use drugs (OR 4.5; p=0.02)
• 5 times more likely to report feeling unsafe on the walk
to school (OR 5.3; p=0.03)
• 8 times more likely to have witnessed a violent assault
(OR 7.9, p=0.01)
Multi-Variable Analysis Results
among 3rd-5th grade Youth
3rd-5th grade youth who go to schools that have at least
one alcohol outlet within 300 feet of their school are
• 4 times more likely to walk to school (OR 4.3; p=0.04)
(partly related to economics)
• Almost 7 times more likely to report feeling unsafe on the
walk to school (OR 6.8; p=0.03)
• 4 times more likely to be depressed (OR 4.2; p=0.02)
• 5 times more likely to report seeing people using drugs or
getting drunk in their neighborhood (OR 5.2, p=0.01)
Outcomes to date
• Presented data to Liquor Commissioners and City
Council
• Enforcement strategy in place
• 5 outlets closed so far as a direct result of this work
• Revision to the 300 foot rule – specification and possible
expansion
• Unexpected  Now alcohol outlets are on the radar 
BD7 and Bottle Club laws  8 other outlets closed
secondarily
Recent Alcohol Policy Work in Baltimore
• AlcoPops Bill Passed in 2009
• Proposed revision to the 300 foot rule – specification and
possible expansion
• BD7 Laws
• Bottle Club Laws
• Billboard Laws – unenforced but on the radar
• 13 alcohol bills in the State House in the 2010 session
THE DRINKING
ENVIRONMENT AROUND
THE HOMEWOOD CAMPUS:
MAKING A CASE FOR
MANAGING DENSITY
Baltimore City
has 277
ecologically
defined
neighborhoods;
242 are
residential
There are
1,277
licensed
alcohol
outlets in
Baltimore
City
The
Homewood
Campus is
just north of
Central
Baltimore
City
Put into Perspective…..
There are 97 alcohol outlets within the 1-mile buffer around
the Homewood Campus
There are 41 alcohol outlets within the 1-mile buffer around
the worse block in East Baltimore
There are 33 alcohol outlets within the 1-mile buffer around
the worse block in West Baltimore
There are 25 alcohol outlets within the 1-mile buffer around
Martin O’Malley’s former residence
Information on the 97 Licensed Alcohol Outlets
around the Homewood Campus
Among these 97 licensed alcohol outlets:
• One-third (30) sell packaged goods exclusively
• The other two-thirds (67) sell alcohol on premises
• Two-thirds (64) sell alcohol 7 days per week
– Between Thanksgiving and New Year’s 95 of the 97 outlets
sell alcohol 7 days a week
Calls for Service for ‘Intoxicated Person’ by Month
in 2008 within 1-mile of the Homewood Campus
Potential Environmental Strategies
 Decrease the number of alcohol outlets in the
surrounding area
Quote from Scribner et al (2009) Given the limited number
of modifiable factors that affect college drinking, onpremise outlet density represents a potential modifiable
means of addressing the problem.
Article 2b of the Maryland State Law has provisions for the
distance alcohol outlets can be from a church or a
school, perhaps similar legislation is needed to protect
college students.
 Enforcement
Discussion
• Data
• People
• Enforcement