Transcript Importance of Adequate and Balanced Nutrition

Importance of Adequate
and Balanced Nutrition
Dr. Biplab K. Nandi
Former Senior Food and Nutrition Officer
Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations;
President, Society for Nutrition, Education and Health
Advancement, Kolkata (SNEHA), India
ILSI-India Conference on Managing Sweetness, Delhi
17 September 2009
Overview
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Food and Nutrition Security
WFS and MDGs
Key to Balanced Nutrition
Nutritional Situation—Asia and World
Double Burden of Malnutrition
Food Based Strategies—Diversified Food
Basket
FAO Projects in support of Balanced
Nutrition
Concluding Remarks
Food and Nutrition
Security
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Four Dimensions of Food Security
Nutritional Security
Household Food Security
WFS and MDGs
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WFS
MDG 1 and other 7 MDGs
Millennium Development Goals
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Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality and empower
women
Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other
diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Development a global partnership for
development
Four Key to Balanced
Nutrition
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Food Based Dietary Guidelines
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Hydration—Safe drinking water
Plate Method—For portioning daily diet
Suggested Portioning of
Diet
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50% of total calories from CHO
20% of total calories from fats
Emphasis on Monounsaturated fats: olive, saffola
etc.
Green Leafy Vegetables
Assorted Vegetables
Fruits
6-8 glasses of water
Protein (more of milk and milk products and pulses)
Fish—Highly Recommended
Whole grains (Brown rice)
Important Considerations
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Access to safe and adequate nutritious Foods
Four dimensions of Food and Nutrition Security
Dietary Diversification and Food based approach
Balancing Calories and Consuming Wide Variety of
Foods
Food for Balanced Nutrition and Health
Promoting Nutrition, right from the childhood
Life Cycle Approach
FAO’s Mandate
(founded in 1945)
Raise levels of nutrition and standards of living
Improve agricultural productivity
Better the conditions of rural populations
Contribute to the expansion of the world’s economy
Prevalence of
undernourishment
Region
No. (millions)
undernourished
%
undernourished
World
848
13
Developing
countries
832
16
Asia
541.9
16
South Asia
313
21
Source : FAO, SOFI, 2008
Prevalence of
undernourishment, South
Asia
Country
No.(millions)
% population
undernourished undernourished
Pakistan
35.0
Sri Lanka
4.0
27
21
15
23
21
South Asia
(Total)
313.6
21
Bangladesh
40.1
India
230.5
Nepal
4.0
Source: FAO, SOFI,2008
(Data NA for Bhutan, Maldives)
World Nutrition Situation
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IDA: affects more than 3.5 billion
people
VAD: 3.3 million U5s with clinical VAD
and 75-140 million U5s with subclinical VAD
IDD: 740 million people affected by
goitre
Global Malnutrition
Situation—A Paradox
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FAO: 848 million undernourished
WHO: 300 million obese adults
and
115 million people in
developing countries suffering from
obesity-related conditions
Double Burden of
Malnutrition
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A real Paradox
Undernutrition
Diet related chronic diseases due to over
nutrition—Diabetes, CHD, Some forms of
Cancer
Managing both through diet
Adequate and Balanced Nutrition—the key
Physical Activity
Healthy Lifestyle
ICN, WFS and Millennium
Summit
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ICN & World Declaration of the Plan of
Action for Nutrition including combating
Hidden Hunger led to developing National
Plans of Action for Nutrition (NPANs)
International Alliance Against Hunger
(IAAH)
MDGs included nutrition and health as one
of the cornerstones of development.
Greater investment in nutrition linked
agriculture and development strategies leads
to improved health, in particular, has
beneficial effects on next generation.
FAO projects and Lessons
Learnt in Asia
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Bangladesh
Bhutan
Cambodia
China
India
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Nepal
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Viet Nam
Role of FAO in support of food based
strategies
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Facilitates process for promoting supply,
access and consumption of adequate
quantity and quality of safe foods
Primarily advocates dietary
diversification and fortification
Recognizes need for broad based
supplementation (high risk areas) and
public health measures
Improve both micronutrient and overall
nutritional status
Share of food groups as percentage of
DES(kcal/caput/day)
B a ngla de s h
C a m bo dia
La o
N e pa l
M ya nm a r
V ie t N a m
Cereals
Roots & Tubers
Pulses & Nuts
Fruits
Vegetables
Sugars
Veg.oils
Meat,Offal,Fish
Milk &Eggs
Animal fat
Others
Indo ne s ia
T a jik is t a n
D P R Ko re a
Uzbe k is t a n
India
Ira n
S riLa nk a
P hilippine s
C hina
P a k is t a n
T ha ila nd
R e p.o f Ko re a
Ka za k hs t a n
M a la ys ia
M o ngo lia
F iji
M a ldiv e s
J a pa n
Kiriba t i
P a pua N e w G uine a
Adapted from FBS, 2001
V a nua t u
A us t ra lia
0
10
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100
Recommendations and
Conclusions
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Promote Nutrition Orientation to Food
Production by incorporating nutrition
considerations into development policies
and programmes and agriculture in
particular, including poverty reduction
strategies
National Food and Agriculture Policy to
aim/strengthen achievement of balanced
production and availability of a range of
diverse foods
Adequate and Balanced
Nutrition
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Farm and not Pharmacy, approach
Diversified Food Basket for Balancing
Calorie Intake and Dietary
Diversification
Concluding Remarks
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Reference to National RDA and Food Pyramid
Limiting Sugar Intake
Eating more Whole Grains
Avoiding Trans fats
Limiting Saturated Fat Intake
Eating 20% to 35% of daily calories from Fats
Consuming monounsaturated and poly unsaturated
Fats
Ensuring Safety of Foods
An Old Chinese Proverb
REGARDLESS OF WHO THE FATHER OF
A DISEASE IS
SURELY ITS MOTHER IS
IMPROPER DIET
Another Saying
Let Food be Our Medicine
Contact
[email protected]
President
Society for Nutrition, Education and
Health Advancement (SNEHA) Kolkata,
India
THANK YOU
For Your Kind Attention