Transcript 4.1 citywide sanitation planningx

City-Wide
Sanitation Planning
May 12, 2015
SUWASA Closeout and Knowledge Forum
Kampala, Uganda
Jesse Shapiro
USAID WASH Advisor and Sanitation Focal Point
[email protected]
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Urban areas are important
• Urbanization is outpacing
provision (155k
people/day) and about
90% of all people will be
in urban areas and
developing countries by
2050
Based on JMP (2014) data
1500
Population (millions)
• In Sub-Saharan Africa
and South/South-eastern
Asia 75% of the unserved
are in rural areas…but
Population using improved and unimproved sanitation
by urban areas in Southeast Asia, East Asia and SubSaharan Africa, 1990-2012 (millions)
1000
500
457
270
726
329
0
1990
Improved
2012
Unimproved
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Sanitation is not glamorous
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Sanitation for policy makers
HEALTH
Saves and improves lives
MONEY
Reduces health costs and
productivity losses due to
sickness and death
• 1.5% lower GDP on average
• $5 of economic gain for
every $1 invested
• Acccess to financing
•
•
•
600,000 child deaths/year due
to diarrhea
Safe excreta disposal can
reduce diarrhea by 30%
High density = higher risk
Dignity & Security
Reduce violence, workloads and secures
dignity, especially for Women, Children,
Poor and Vulnerable
• Reduces risk of violence
• Secures dignity for the
most vulnerable
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Responsibilities are spread widely
Ministry
of Health
Communities
Individuals
Ministry of
Local Govt
Sustainable
Sanitation
Private
Sector
Municipality
Ministry of
Water
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Requires a wide variety of skills
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Requires a combination of solutions
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Measuring progress
Containment
Storage
Transport
Treatment
Reuse/
disposal
Treatment
plant
Reuse/
disposal
Treatment
plant
Reuse/
disposal
Sewerage
Flush
Toilet
Sewer network
Pumping stations
On-site (Fecal Sludge Management)
Latrine
Septic
tank
MDG Target
Household Access
Vacuum
truck
SDG Target adds
Safely managed
SDG Target adds
Effectively treated
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Fecal flow diagram
Example from Maputo, Mozambique, adapted from WSP 2014.
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Planning tools
City-Wide Sanitation Planning
Decision making tools
Service Delivery Assessment
• What institutional frameworks and systems are in
place?
• What is needed?
Demand
• Priorities?
Assessment of
Analysis
Re-use Options
Political Economy Analysis
• Why is it like this?
Public Health
• How can we change it?
Risk Assessment:
Economics of Sanitation Toolkit:
• Extent and location of health risks
• What are the costs and benefits
of possible interventions?
Example from Maputo, Mozambique, adapted from WSP 2014.