Transcript Aid
AGTI Annual Conference
Galway
October 2011
After 60 years of aid, there are almost one
billion people hungry in today’s world…...
"Government-to-government transfers are
an excellent method of transferring money
from poor people in rich countries to rich
people in poor countries."
Peter Bauer - British academic
“It seems as if America needs hungry
Africans to eat their surplus.”
Quote by an Ethiopian farmer
More than $100 billion is transferred to the
South every year in official aid and through
private charities.
However, remittances account for more
than twice as much as all official aid.
Sub-Saharan Africa – the world’s poorest
region – receives the largest amount of aid
of any region – approx $52 per year per
capita.
Aid to South-East Asia and the Pacific is
about $4 per capita per year.
Some African countries are very
dependent on aid. For instance, aid to
Liberia and Burundi equals about half
of their GDP.
After several decades of receiving aid,
Africans are poorer than ever!
Aid is a partnership between donor
countries and recipient countries.
Aid is an industry today.
Aid has been in operation since the
middle of the 20th century.
Official aid
Bilateral aid
Multi-lateral aid
Emergency aid
Voluntary aid - NGOs
Short Term vs. Long Term aid
(A) The USA insisted that Africa’s
governments purchase anti-AIDS drugs from
the USA instead of buying cheaper generic
products from South Africa, India or Brazil.
(B) In Vietnam, a €2.3 million tied aid package
from Italy is funding the building of the water
system in an urban setting. An Italian company
is setting up the Vietnamese flood monitoring
system at a cost of €2.5 million.
Only six countries – Ireland,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden
Norway and the UK – provide more or
less 100% untied aid.
Tied aid was made illegal in the UK
with the International Development
Act of 2001.
Others, 2%
Japan, 6%
European
Union, 25%
United
States, 59%
Canada,
5%
Australia,
3%
Aid makes people lazy
It makes recipient governments lazy –
they do not pursue tax revenues
Aid fuels corruption
It discourages enterprise
Public services that governments
should provide are provided by aid
agencies
Aid dependence becomes an addiction
Outsiders call the shots.
Cold turkey
Inward direct investment
A market economy
Aid must be targeted at real needs.
Aid Recipients must be accountable to
donors.
IRELAND’S
PARTNER COUNTRIES
OTHER
PARTNER
COUNTRIES:
Vietnam
East Timor
OTHER
PRIORITY
COUNTRIES:
Sierra Leone
Liberia
South Africa
Palestine
ODA - %age of GNP
0.70
0.60
Percentage
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2009 2009 2010
YEAR
Millions of Euros
Ireland - ODA in €m
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
YEAR
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Africa in 1960: A bright future
China in 1960: A basket case
Africa today: A continent in crisis
China today: ……….Double digit
growth
Tied Aid
Dependence
Food Aid