Transcript File - Janice Bangala

EU Presentation: Hungary
Gareth Ahearne - Janice Bangala - Graham
Bannelly - Eoin Buckley - Jenny Butler
Introducing Hungary
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Capital: Budapest
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Population Rank: 89th
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% of World Population: 0.14%
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Number of Counties: 19 Number of Towns: 169 Number of Villages 2,904
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Region: Europe (Sub Region Eastern Europe)
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Official Language: Hungarian (Magyar)
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Government: Parliamentary republic
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Prime minister: Viktor Orbán
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Accession to the European Union: May 1, 2004
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Religion: 54.5% Roman Catholic, 21% Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant, 6% Evangelical
(Lutheran), 18.5% other
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Currency Hungarian Forint (HUF) Coins: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 HUF Bank notes: 500, 1,000,
2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000 HUF
Hungary - Magyarország
Hungary is a small country with a small population of 9.9 million. However, Hungary's population also
constitutes of Germans (0.6%), Slovaks (0.1%), Croats (0.2%), Serbs (0.2%) and Roma (2.0%).
The overall life expectancy in Hungary is around 75.02 years. The life expectancy of men lies at 71.27
years while the life expectancy of women is 78.98 years.
According to the latest reports the birth rate of Hungary is 9.49 babies per 1000 people, while the
death rate is 12.7 deaths per 1000 people each year.
The Total Fertility Rate (TFR), which estimates the number of children born during the year is at 1.41
children for each woman. Consequently, Hungary lies at the cusp of being a developed country
with a stable economy and a well-sustained population growth rate, which helps it to maintain its
high quality of life.
Hungary Sex Ratio 2014: Males: 47.528% Females:52.472%
Facts about Hungary
1)
This small country is one of the oldest
European countries, situated in the
middle of the continent in Central
Europe.
2) Hungary is a landlocked country in
Central Europe, bordered by Austria,
Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia,
Croatia and Slovenia.
3) . Its capital city is Budapest with a
population of 1.709 million (2011).
4) Hungary claims no official religion and
guarantees religious freedom but more
than half the people are Roman Catholic,
most of them living in the western and
northern parts of the country. About
one-fifth of the population are Calvinist
(concentrated in eastern Hungary.)
5) The country fell under communist rule
following World War II.
6) Communism in Hungary ended 1989 and
the country became a parliamentary
republic. It joined the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation (NATO) in 1999 and the EU
five years later.
7)
Hungary has a long tradition of classical
music with famous composers like Béla
Bartók, Zoltán Kodály and Franz Liszt.
8) Literacy of total population is 99%.
9) Two major rivers the Danube (417 km
long) and Tisza (598 km) flow through the
country along with several other rivers like
the Dráva on the Southern border, the
Rába in Western Transdanubia.
10) The international code for Hungary is 36.
The History of Hungary
by Jenny Butler
Hungary during World War 1
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WW1 started on the 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918.
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Hungary was ally to Germany and Austria and had to send hundreds of
thousands of troops to die for foreign interests.
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Hungary lost around 1 million men fighting on the side of the Habsburgs as
part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in the 1st world war. The defeat at
the end of the world meant the breaking up of the Monarchy.
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On 16th November, 1918 Hungary was declared a republic with Mihály
Károlyi as prime minister.
The Treaty of Trianon
• The Treaty of Trianon was signed with Hungary
after World War 1 had ended.
• The treaty was signed on June 4th 1920.
• The Treaty of Trianon stated clearly that:
– “the Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Hungary
accepts the responsibility of Hungary and her allies for causing
the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated
Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a
consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression
of Austria-Hungary and her allies.”
Hungary during World War II
 The urge to regain the territories taken away in the Trianon Treaty made
Hungary enter the 2nd world war on the side of the Germans against the
Soviets.
 The Hungarian government eventually tried to change sides to the allied
Atlantic countries.
 In October 1944 Miklós Horthy tried to withdraw from the war by making a
separate peace with the Allies but with the help of the Germans the
fascist Arrow Cross Party seized the power.
Hungary during World War II
 The fascists deported hundreds of thousands Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz
and other camps where around half million of the deported died. The Red
Army laid siege to Budapest on Christmas 1944. The fights and bombing
destructed most of the Hungarian capital.
 By 4th April, 1945 the Russians liberated whole Hungary.
 In 1946 Hungary became Republic and the government signed the Paris
Treaty in 1947 that restored the borders established by the Trianon Treaty.

 In 1989 Hungary finally became an independent democracy.
• In 1999 Hungary joined the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
– NATO promotes democratic values and
encourages consultation and cooperation on defence
and security issues to build trust and, in the long run,
prevent conflict.
– Committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If
diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military capacity
needed to undertake crisis-management operations.
• In 2004 Hungary became a member of the
European Union.
Culture and Heritage
By Eoin Buckly
Culture and Heritage
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Hungary is a land of particularly rich heritage. Their culture is not only
preserved in museums, however - traditions live on in many of Hungary's
small villages, kept alive by local communities.
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WEDDINGS- When it comes to Hungarian weddings there are certain
choreographed things that they do to ensure the marriage will be a success.
The bridal dance ensures financial stability and anyone who wants to dance
with her should pay. The breaking of a glass drives out bad ghosts and the
couple cleaning it up shows how they can co-operate.
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ETIQUETTE- In Hungary etiquette plays a big role in daily life. When
walking down a street the men will usually be on the left of the woman he is
with.
When greeting close family/friends they will kiss one another on both
cheeks. While in conversation touching of arms and hands is normal,
It is customary for a woman to offer her hand first to men of all ages and
younger or older women and children.
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Heritage
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The languages spoken in Hungary are Magyar (Hungarian) 84.6% and an unknown
other 16.4%
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Ethnicity and race within Hungary is mainly Hungarian however there are very small
numbers of Roma and unknown ethnic groups.- Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other
or unknown 5.8% (2001)
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Religion in Hungary has been dominated by forms of Christianity for centuries: -----Roman Catholic 37.2%, Calvinist 11.6%, Lutheran 2.2%, Greek Catholic 1.8%, other
1.9%, none 18.2%, unspecified 27.2% (2011 est.)
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National holiday-Saint Stephen's Day, August 20
Celebrated with a half an hour firework display on the bank of the Danube in the
evening, which is attended by many people on both river banks and is watched by
many from the hills on the Buda side of the river.
Food culture
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Food in Daily Life. Magyar kenyér (Hungarian bread) remains very important in the
rural and urban cuisine. For the last one hundred fifty years, wheat has been one of
the most important crops both for domestic use and exportation.
Pig breeding became the most important type of animal breeding in the 1870s, and
since then the meat and byproducts of pigs have predominated in the national diet.
The best-known ingredient in Hungarian food is the red-powdered spice called
paprika. It is used to flavour many dishes.
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Food Customs at Ceremonial Occasions. The cuisine at most village weddings
includes chicken soup with special csiga noodles that were traditionally believed to
have fertility-inducing properties, stuffed cabbage, sweetened rice and other rice
dishes, and baked goods.
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According to the national self-image, Hungarians are wine drinkers, but beer drinking
is more common. Since the early 1990s there has been an attempt to familiarize the
population with regional wines.
Economy
By Graham Brannelly
• The economy of Hungary is a medium-sized,
structurally, politically and institutionally open
economy in Central Europe and is part of the EU’s
single market
• Hungary has long been an agricultural country but
since WWII has been heavily industrialized
• Exited recession in 2013
• Agriculture makes up 13% of the GDP
• Hungarian agriculture is virtually self-sufficient
• The main sectors of the Hungarian industry
are heavy industry, energy production,
mechanical engineering, chemicals, food
industry and automobile production.
• The service sector accounts for over 60% of
GDP
• location plays a significant role in the rise of
the service sector
• Growth is held back by poor investment,
low employment among low skilled workers.
Tourism employs nearly 150 thousand people.
The most visited region is Budapest
Spa Cave
Conclusion
By Gareth Ahearne
Comparing to other EU Members using GDP,
Exchange Rates
In Conclusion
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Capital: Budapest
Language: Hungarian
Prime Minister: Viktor Orban
Joined EU: 2004
Population 9.9 million
• Hungary effected by WW2 which started
on 28 July 1914 and finished in 11
November 1918
• Treaty of Trianon which stated Hungary
was responsible for her and her allies
• 1946 became Republic
Thank You
Any Questions?