Transcript Regional Cooperation REC`s experience

Potential for Technology Transfer in
Hungary
Miklós Székely
Renewable energy and climate policy expert
11 October 2016
Basic Facts about Hungary
Population
9 900 000
inhabitants
CO2
emissions
per unit of
GDP (2011)
0.2 kg CO2
per USD
GDP (2015,
PPP)
$258.4
billion
Main
tendency in
CO2
emissions
per capita
Declining
GDP per
capita
GDP growth
(2015, PPP)
$26 200
+ 2.9% in
2015
Exports to Imports from
Japan (USD, Japan (USD,
2015)
2015)
$1.29 billion
$1.05 billion
GHG
emissions
(excluding
LULUCF,
2014)
CO2
emissions
per capita
(excluding
LULUCF,
2014)
57.2 Gt- CO2
5.8 t-CO2 eq
eq
Business
Risks
Corruption
index
42nd out of
189
countries
51 on a 100
scale
www.rec.org
1.1 TT Potential in the Energy Conversion Sector
• Emissions from the sector:
• 13.7 Mt CO2 (23% of total)
• Regulated by EU-ETS
• Emissions to be covered with EUAs (power plants
using fossil feedstock)
• Renewable energy target to
gross final consumption:
14.65% by 2020 (~10% in
2016)
• 3.5% combustion of
firewood…
www.rec.org
1.2 TT Potential in the Energy Conversion Sector
• Irinyi plan (industry development); R+D+I:
• Energy storage capacities for REs (mainly solar)
• Smart grids
• Smart public lighting
• Smart metering
• Biomass  biogas plants
(central heating & E)
• Objective:
• Increasing the sector’s technology
readiness level (TRL) for TT
• CON:
• Wind farms have been banned!
www.rec.org
2.1 TT Potential in the Household Sector
• Emissions from the sector:
• 6.5 Mt CO2 (10-12% of total)
• Energy consumption of buildings:
• 40% of total E consumption
(inefficeincy!)
• Regulated by EU ESD (non EU-ETS):
• 10% increase of emissions by 2020 compared to 2005
• Existing targets:
• 49 PJ/year energy savings for 2020 (111 PJ/year for
2030)
• 1.5% energy savings annually by distributors or retail co.
by 2020 (50 PJ/year savings potential for 2020)
www.rec.org
2.2 TT Potential in the Household Sector
• Family Homemaking Support Scheme (FHSS):
• Boosting new housing construction by 35-40%
• New buildings (7/2006 decree, 2010/31/EU):
• doors, walls and ceilings have to save 40% more
energy than current appliances by 2020  nearzero energy efficiency public and private buildings
partly achieved by using RE
• TT potential in energy efficient housing appliances
• Weak implementation of the 1.5% annual energy
savings rule
www.rec.org
3.1 TT Potential in the Waste-to-Energy
Conversion (WtEC) Sector
• Emissions from Waste sector:
• 4.2 Mt CO2 (7.5% of total)
• Incineration and open burning: 0.2 Mt CO2
(0.3% of total)
• Regulated by EU ESD (non EU-ETS): 10%
• Only 1 WtEC installation:
• Municipal Waste Recovery
Plant of Budapest
• Recovers 0.7 Mt of MSW
annually
• Hungary in 2011 recovered only
4.4% of its total MSW for energy
www.rec.org
3.2 TT Potential in the Waste-to-Energy
Conversion (WtEC) Sector
• The National Waste Management Public Service Action Plan:
• To reduce waste disposal from the current 50%  10% by
2030  increase WtEC rate
• Irinyi Plan (R+D+I; TT potential):
• Pyrolysis for the recovery of food and livestock waste
• Gasification of solid wastes for energy
• A second WtEC to be built with a 0.25 Mt/year of MSW
recovery capacity with an additional 60 000 tons/year
sewage sludge combustion potential
www.rec.org
4.1 TT Potential at Municipality Level
• Emissions of municipalities:
• Collapse of heavy industry in ’90s & heating
modernization  emission reduction
• Transport is the largest polluter: 27% increase by
2014 to 1990’s levels (3% higher than EU ave.)
• Housing sector is also a noticable emitter
• Each Hungarian municipality has to develop its
environmental program; tasks and regulations on:
•
•
•
•
air pollution abatement
energy management
waste and wastewater treatment
public transportation and traffic
www.rec.org
4.2 TT Potential at Municipality Level
• European Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy
(CMCE):
• 31 Hungarian member municipalities with 20% to
30% GHG reduction targets by 2020
• Elaboration of Sustainable Energy Action Plan
(SEAP), now called Sustainable Energy and Climate
Action Plan (SECAP)  helping to penetrate low
carbon technologies
• Association of Climate Friendly Municipalities:
• 33 member municipalities
• Focusing on the need for horizontal climate
adaptation actions
www.rec.org
4.3 TT Potential at Municipality Level
• Existing EU funds for low carbon development;
thematic Operational Programs:
• Regional and Urban Development Operational
Program (TOP) approx. $0.7 billion:
green city development, municipal environmental infrastructure
development, sustainable urban transport development, energy
modernization of municipal buildings
• Economic Development and Innovation
Operational Program (GINOP) approx. $0.75
billion:
Energy efficiency projects for SMEs and residents
• Environmental and Energy Efficiency Operational
Program (KEHOP) approx. $0.67 billion
Photovoltaic systems for central government agencies, building energetics
development of churches, develop near zero-energy house pilots, building
energetics development of public buildings
www.rec.org
4.4 TT Potential at Municipality Level
• Greatest Reduction and TT potential locally:
Transport e.g.
•
•
•
•
local public transportation
medical institutes
educational institutes
municipal waste collection
• Jedlik Ányos electromobility strategy:
• 3 000 new EV charging stations
• 30 000 new environmentally friendly cars
by 2020
• Government support: 21% (max. $5 500)
of any new E-car’s purchase price
www.rec.org
5.1 Other Relevant Information
• Strong governmental support for
nuclear energy capacity
development:
• Paks2, second nuclear power
plant (2 400 MW)
• National Energy Strategy (NES):
• Nuclear-Coal-Green scenario until 2050 : maintaining
the level of coal-based power generation (CCS and
clean coal)
• Punishing weather dependent renewable energy:
• Impossible to comply with new wind energy
regulations (no new wind turbine since 2011)
www.rec.org
5.2 Other Relevant Information
• Green Economy Financing System (cca. $18.5 M) and
Economy Greening System (cca. $20 M) funds are also
available for residents and investors to carry out
energy efficiency projects:
• Backed by revenues from selling EUAs
• Hungarian Investment Promotion Agency (HIPA)
• Business incubation for projects of foreign investors
• National Research, Development and Innovation
Office (NKFI):
• Managing R+D+I & International Technology Transfer
www.rec.org
Thank you for your kind
attention!
Email: [email protected]
www.rec.org