Transcript Issues in Modern Africa

Issues in Modern
Africa
SS7CG3 The student will analyze how politics in Africa impacts
standard of living.
a. Compare how various factors, including gender, affect access to
education in Kenya and Sudan.
b. Describe the impact of government stability on the distribution of
resources to combat AIDS and famine across Africa.
Problems after Independence
• By 1980 most of Africa was free from
European rule.
• However, many of the newly independent
countries face many problems.
• Many countries are constantly at war with each
other. Mainly, it is the ethnic groups fighting
each other.
• Because governments are unstable, they are unable
to control the economy or healthcare or education
in their countries.
Problems in
21st Century
Africa
Disease
Poverty
Drought
Poor Education
Civil War
Ethnic Conflict
Genocide
Famine
EQ: How do factors, such as gender,
affect access to education in Kenya
and Sudan?
• Literacy rates are lower for women than
men in Africa
• Reasons: Girls are often kept at home to
help with household chores, gathering
water, farming, and child rearing
EQ: How does the literacy rate affect
the standard of living across Africa?
• Higher literacy rates = higher GDP = higher
standard of living
• Literacy rates in Africa average about 50%
• Reasons:
1. Civil war keeps children from going to school
2. Government instability impacts money spent
on education.
South Africa, the most developed country in Africa, only has a literacy rate of 83%
EQ: How does government stability impact
the distribution of resources to combat AIDS
and famine across Africa?
• Famine-extreme shortage of food
• Major problem in Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, and South Sudan
• Reasons:
1. Drought
2. Desertification
3. Not enough food can be produced for the growing population
4. Government instability and corruption-food distribution is not
properly managed by the government-the food does not always reach
the people who need it
Famine
Results of famine
Facts about AIDS in Africa
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1. 6,800 people die PER DAY of AIDS
2. The first case of HIV/AIDS in Africa was reported in 1982.
3. Of the 33 million people living with HIV/AIDS across the world, 27.7 million are in Africa.
4. More than 5 million people are said to be living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa, the
highest number of any country in the world.
5. In 2007, 2 million people died due to HIV/AIDS. 1,850,000 lived in Africa.
6. Women account for 59% of adults aged 15 and over said to be living with HIV/AIDS in
Africa.
7. South Africa has been hardest hit by the AIDS epidemic. One in five adults is HIV
positive.
8. South Africa also has one of the highest numbers of children under 15 living with
HIV/AIDS in the world; estimates range from 180,000 to 280,000.
9. 2.5 million people in Africa receive Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), medications for the
treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV.
10. An additional 8.7 million are in need of this medicine: ART.
11. There are 15 million AIDS orphans living around the world, 13 million of whom are in
Africa.
12. HIV is the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2006, AIDS-related deaths
accounted for nearly half of all deaths in South Africa.
• HIV/AIDS statistics for Africa at the end of 2007, compared to the rest of the world.
EQ: How does government stability
impact the distribution of resources to
combat AIDS and famine across Africa?
• AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Disorder)
• HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
• one of the leading causes of death in Africa.
Reasons:
1. Lack of education on how to prevent
2. Lack of available healthcare-medicine, doctors
(especially in countries with unstable governments)
South Africa has one of the highest rates of AIDS infection in the
world.
Malaria
• tropical disease spread throughout the region carried by
mosquitoes
• Big problem in Central Africa.
• Each year more than 1 million die from this disease.
• For instance malaria is the leading cause of death in children
under five in Uganda.
• Insecticides and mosquito nets can drastically lower the number
of infections- if people can get these resources
Endemic: belonging
exclusively or confined to a
particular place.
Malaria
Endemic Malaria
A mosquito net offers
protection against
mosquitoes, flies, and
other insects, and thus
against the diseases they
may carry.
Malaria World Wide