Transcript Morocco_1_DIAEA Overview Presentation

SOUTH-SOUTH KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE AND COORDINATION WORKSHOP
HOSTED BY THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHING OF MOROCCO
THROUGH THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH (INRA)
Rabat, Kingdom of Morocco
12- 14 October, 2016
An Overview of the Irrigation Strategy
and the Achievements in Morocco.
Presentation by:
BELGHITI M’Hamed
deputy director
DIAEA/Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries
MOROCCO BRIEF INFORMATION
Morocco in Africa
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S
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Total area : 710 850 Km²
Population : 35 millions (52% urban, 48% rural)
Cultivated land : 8.7 millions ha (12% of global)
- 84% rainfed
- 16% irrigated
Nbre of farm: 1.5 Million farms
Total area : 710 850 Km²
Agriculture (Export, Agro-industries),
- GDP Agri.
: 15% - 20% du national GDP
- Employment : 40% of total; 80% of rural
Food security:
Contribution to cover food needs through domestic
production: fruit and vegetables plus 100%, meat
80%, milk 82%, cereals 62%, sugar 47%.
Morocco
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Some key dates in irrigation Management
2008:
1980 :
- Major
rehabilitations
1966-1969 :
- Institutionnal
- Proactive policy: aim to reforms
irrigate One Million hectares
- Establishment of irrigation
reclamation offices: ORMVA
-Agricultural chart (1969 Act)
- Extend of Irrigated areas
1997:
- Green Morocco Plan
Achievement of
the goal of one
million hectare
irrigated of One
million hectare
irrigated
-Modernization in large
scheme irrigated
perimeters
- Massive conversion of
surface and sprinkler
irrigation to drip
irrigation
GLOBAL STATUS OF IRRIGATED AREAS
LS and SMS
Irrigation
1.020.000 ha
Developped by
the Government
initiative
Individual irrigation
442.000 ha
Developped by
private sector
initiative
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Large scale irrigation perimeter
GLOBAL STATUS OF IRRIGATED AREAS
LARGE SCALE IRRIGATION : 682 600 ha
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9 Large scale irrigation schemes developed
by the Government: Moulouya, Loukkos,
Gharb, Doukkala, Haouz, Tadla, SoussMassa, Tafilalet and Ouarzazate.
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9 Regional Irrigation and Agricultural
Development Agencies (ORMVA) : public
institutions endowed with civil personality
and financial autonomy. They are in charge
of :
 Building irrigation infrastructure.
 Operation and maintenance of irrigation
infrastructure.
 Agricultural development and farmers
support.
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The major features of large scale irrigation
perimeters are:
 Irrigable area of 30 000 to 250 000
hectares.
 Modern equipments and infrastructure for
developing water resources, water
transport, water supply and water use at
farm level.
 High crop intensification rates and crop
yields.
SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE IRRIGATION : 337 370 ha
 Multitude of areas developed by the
Government, with diversified technologies
for water supply and distribution as well
as different forms of equipment and social
organizations for their development and
their management by WUA.
 Main role in regional socio-economic
balance. The development of these areas
allows a large development of the country
and reduces the disparity generated by
the development of large scale irrigation
schemes and cities.
PRIVATE IRRIGATION: 412 000 ha
 Farms equipped with private funds and
publics incentives.
 High crop intensification rates and crop
yields.
 Major role in agricultural exports.
GLOBAL STATUS OF IRRIGATED AREAS
Distribution by irrigation scale
Private
sector Irr.
30%
Distribution by irrigation method
Large
Scale Irr.
47%
Drip Irr
33%
Surface
Irr
58%
Small &
Medium
Irr.
23%
Sprinkler
Irr
9%
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Irrigation as key of sustainable developemt
Equitable
livable
Irrigated
Agriculture
viable
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HYDROLOGIC CONTEXT
CLIMATE AND WATER RESOURCES
Potential of natural water resources
estimated at 22 billion m3 per year,
Equivalent to 700 m3 /capita/year
22
Billions m3
Surface water
18
Billions m3
Groundwater
4 Billions m3
Rainfall regime: highly Temporal and spatial
irregular distribution
Groundwater overexploitation
Haouz
-12
20
40
60
Average
Annuel
Drawdown
(m/year)
2
3
4
Profondeur (m)
-18
-20
-22
-24
07/03/1974
24/04/1981
23/01/1987
26/12/1990
14/07/1994
Souss
-10
-15
Profondeur (m)
Haouz
Souss
Saïss
Drawdown
during the last
20 years(m)
-16
-20
-25
Baisse du niveau de la
nappe de Souss
-30
-35
30/01/1969
17/05/1972
15/03/1979
02/12/1986
25/03/1994
Saiss
0
-10
-20
Profondeur (m)
Water table
-14
Alarming decline in groundwater levels
The groundwater resources are
exploited at a rate exceeding the
sustainable level
-30
-40
11
-50
19/02/1980
22/08/1983
26/10/1987
17/03/1991
25/11/1994
Climate change: aggravating factor
Source: Banque Mondiale
Morocco, is the Hotspot area of climate change and most threatened by climate
change, namely the increasing phenomenon of drought and other extreme
weather events like floods.
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GREEN MOROCCO PLAN 2008-2020
Current POLICY ON IRRIGATION SET WITHIN
THE FRAMEWORK OF THE GREEN MOROCCO
PLAN
GREEN MOROCCO PLAN: REFORM STRATEGY based on two PILLARS
Agriculture as a major driver of economic
and social development
GDP: +70 à 100 Billons DH
Jobs: +1 à 1,5 millions
Poverty
Income multiplied by 2 to 3 for 3 millions of
rural people
WATER, at the heart of the transverse
reforms
Water
The National Irrigation
Water Saving Program :
550 000 ha of drip
irrigation at 2020,
The extension of irrigated area :
160 000 ha of hydroagricultural new equipment's
at 2020,
Investment: 37 billion DH
(3.7 billion US Dollars)
Investment: 20.5 billion DH
(20.5 billion US Dollars)
PNEEI
PEI
Public private partnership for
management of the irrigation water
service : Ensuring quality and
sustainability of water services in
irrigation by the incentive for
private operators to manage this
service as part of public Private
Partnership
PPP
Contacts: [email protected]