Transcript Outcome 2.1 2014

Unit 3
Outcome 2
Key Knowledge point 1
Types of contemporary interactions with natural
environments including:
Primary industries
Conservation
Recreation
Tourism
 The sector of an economy making direct use of
natural resources. This includes agriculture,
forestry and fishing, mining, and extraction of oil
and gas.
 This is contrasted with the secondary sector,
producing manufactures and other processed
goods, and the tertiary sector, producing services.
 Environmental Impacts as a result?
Interactions - Examples:
• Logging companies,
• Mining companies,
• Energy companies
• Agriculture
• Fisheries
• Game hunting.. etc
Patterns of Primary Industry’s Interactions
• Aboriginal – trading goods
• Early European settlers – Cleared land for farming
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practices, sealing + whaling, logging
1800’s – mining (gold, stone, tin), farming practices
1900’s – mining, logging, farming, fishing, hunting,
energy…
Now???
WHY have these interactions changed?
In the Grampians and surrounding areas
 Agriculture
 Grain
 Cattle
 Sheep
 Quarrying (in southern Grampians – not Heatherlie
quarry anymore)
 Victoria is Australia’s largest food and fibre exporting state.
Our strong agricultural sector produces goods valued at
around $8 billion a year
 Victoria’s temperate climate, high quality soils and clean
water support our world-class agriculture industries. The
state’s largest export earner, the dairy industry, provides no
less than 7 per cent of dairy products traded globally.
 Australia is a major producer and exporter of Agriculture
and its closely related sectors earn $155 billion a year for a
12% share of Australia’s GDP.
 Australian farmers and grazers own 135,996 farms, covering
61% of Australia’s landmass.
Concerns about the impact of quarrying are hardly new..
 Complaints about quarrying activities were voiced as
far back as the 1890s.
 The issues of concern haven't changed over time
 visual intrusion
 damage to landscapes
 noise
 damage to caves
 loss of land
 deterioration in water quality
Define:
Time spent away from work in activity outdoors.
The need to do something for recreation is an essential
element of human biology and psychology but is often
undertaken for the following reasons..
 Enjoyment
 Happiness
 Fitness
 Social
 Risk taking
 Thrill seeking/rush
Recreational interaction examples:
• Fishing
• hiking
• rock climbing
• bird watching
• camping
• mountain biking
• 4WD
 What recreational activities did you see that could be
undertaken in the Grampians??
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Patterns of Recreation Interactions
Aboriginal – learning skills, stories, walking, dancing and singing
Early European - early 1800’s – little recreation time – maybe walking,
picnics
Late 1800’s – early 1900’s – tramping, bird watching, camping, picnics
1900’s after first world war – hiking, driving, bird watching, surfing,
sailing, flying, bungy jumping, skiing, rock climbing, caving, camping,
trekking, scuba diving………
Now??
WHY have these interactions changed?
Define:
The protection and enhancement of the environment.
Conservation interaction - Examples:
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Environment groups
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Creating of National Parks
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Management strategies
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Conservation Laws
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Minimal impact strategies
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Reduction in use of resources
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Reduction of waste and pollution
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Education and awareness
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Development of environmentally friendly
energy sources
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Other?
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Patterns of Conservation Interactions
Aboriginal – areas for no hunting/gathering, only took
what they needed, use of fire for regeneration
Early European settlers – didn’t have any
1800’s – didn’t have any until late 1800’s when national
parks first became a possibility
1900’s – recognition of land degradation, environmental
awareness, environment groups formed, national parks
formed, acts of parliament passed and implemented,
management strategies developed, use of resources limited
Now??
WHY have these interactions changed?
Define:
The visiting of places for leisure, recreation, challenge,
education which is outside their usual environment. Tourism
is making use of an environment to make a profit.
Tourism interaction - Examples:
• Bus tours
• Educational tours
• Sight seeing
• Variety of accommodation
• Experiencing local culture/food/music
• Recreational activities – golf, birdwatching, walking, skiing, climbing,
sailing, kayaking, 4WD, photography…
 Different types of Tourism:
 Eco-tourism- Sustainability
 Visiting Natural Resources
 Man made tourism- MCG, Water world etc.
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Patterns of Tourism Interactions
Aboriginal – no tourism, visited other tribes for trade,
marriage, ceremonies
Early European settlers – no tourism, travel was for
commerce / new settlement and trade
1800’s – no tourism until late 1800’s when income was
sufficient to visit family or friends for leisure
1900’s – mostly domestic travel until 1970’s
1970’s - now –
WHY have these interactions changed?
Tourism is the main income of Halls Gap.
 What tourist activities are on offer here?
 What are the positive impacts of these?
 What are the negative environmental impacts of
these?
 Has Tourism benefited the Natural Environment?
 Positive More money injected into the Grampians area.
 Improving area to make it more desirable.
 Negative More people = more impact
 Industralisation (Environmental Changes).
 Has Tourism changed societies relationship with the
environment?
 Yes because we are more engaged and have more
information about what the environment has to offer.
Compare and contrast the different contemporary
societal relationships with outdoor environments
(200 words)
Think about the environmental, social and financial positives and
negatives of these interactions