Transcript KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris

BUILDING A KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
IN SLOVENIA
AUSTRIA
HUNGARY
ITALY
CROATIA
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
ECONOMIC GROWTH
G R O S S D O M ES T IC P R O D U C T , f ix e d p r ic e s 1 9 9 2
1600
S IT b illio n
1200
800
400
0
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
e s t.
S o u rc e o f d a t a : S O R S , IM A D e s t im a t e s .
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS
• 4,5% real annual growth of GDP (period 1999-2001);
• 6,3% unemployment rate (year 2001);
• 8,4% annual average inflation rate (year 2001);
• Sustainable current account of the Balance of Payments (-0,4% of
GDP in 2001);
• Sustainable Public Finance Account (-1,4% of GDP in 2001,est.).
Public finance reform in Slovenia is linked to the systematic
development of human resources.
By establishing a regional center for public finances “Center of
Excellence in Finance” Slovenia responded to the urgent needs of
human capacity development in the context of the Stability Pact for
South-Eastern Europe.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, 1999
1
90
HDI value(left axis)
80
HDI rank (right axis)
70
60
0,8
50
40
0,7
30
20
0,6
0
Turkey
Romania
Bulgaria
Latvia
Lithuania
Estonia
Poland
Hungary
Slovakia
Malta
Slovenia
Cyprus
0,5
Czech R.
10
Source of data: (2001) Human Dev elopment Report. New Y ork, Oxf ord: Oxf ord Univ ersity Press, pp. 141-144.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
HDI rank
HDI value
0,9
THE STRATEGY FOR THE ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT OF SLOVENIA (2001)
The Strategy’s main goal is to increase the welfare of people
living in Slovenia in a sustainable manner, with welfare being
defined as a balance between economic, social and
environmental components.
The main mechanisms applied to bolster the complex
competitiveness of Slovenia:
• transition to a knowledge-based society,
• strengthening the competitiveness of the economy,
• improving state efficiency,
• policies for Slovenia’s operational integration into the EU
internal market, and
• balanced regional and spatial development.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
TRANSITION TO A KNOWLEDGE
BASED SOCIETY
The building up of a knowledge-based society is supported
by the governmental policies:
• Human resource development policy;
• Labour market and employment policies
complemented by migration policy;
• Research and development policy;
• The building of information and communications
infrastructure and the development of new services.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
• The education background of younger generations increased
significantly in the last decade. In the 1990s the number of
university students almost doubled, which was followed by a
larger share of university graduates below 30 years of age. This
positive developments are reflected in an increased number of
well-educated and highly skilled job seekers on the labour market.
• Good results on international tests in mathematics and science.
• Slovenia faces dropping out and repeating at all levels of
education.
• The range of educational programmes does not follow fast
enough the new demand for modern methods of training and retraining of active labour force.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
• Unfavourable enrolment structure in the university.
• Post-graduate programmes are too fragmented and only
loosely connected with the corporate sector.
• Low functional literacy of a large share of the population.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
Structure of the employed labour force by level of education as at
31 December, 1998
Secondary education attainment
27%
Skilled
29%
Unskilled
19%
Other
3%
College education attainment
10%
Semi-skilled
4%
Source: SORS
Higher education attainment
8%
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
Governmental priorities in the field of education and training are:
• To increase total investment in education and training (public and
private funding), particulary in the field of adult education.
• To provide high quality education and training at all levels of the
education process.
• To raise the level of education of adults and promote lifelong learning.
• To raise the level of literacy of all people and in all regions.
• To boost the responsibility and motivation of employers to train their
employees.
• Participation in the European higher education area will improve the
transfer of knowledge, the mobility of students, university teachers and
researches as well as raise the quality of education.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
EMPLOYMENT POLICY
Governmental employment policy is based on:
• programmes and measures to improve employability
(first pillar);
• programmes and measures to stimulate enterpreneurship
(second pillar);
• encourage the adaptability of businesses and individuals
(third pillar);
• ensuring equal access to the labour market and equal
opportunities.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Source: EC-DG Research, SORS
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
The technological gap (measured in terms of the number of
patents and the volume of investment in research and
development) between Slovenia and EU countries is wider than
the gap in GDP per capita or the gap in the share of GDP used
for investment in research and development. International
comparisons confirm lagging behind especially in corporate
innovations.
In the European Union’s 5th Framework Programme (19882002), Slovenia has been relatively successful. Moreover,
Slovenia actively participates in EUREKA and several other
multilateral and bilateral programmes.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Priorities of governmental R&D policy are to:
• Invest more in aplicative research and innovation and
prioritisation of R&D investment.
• Stimulate co-operation between companies, and companies and
R&D sector.
• Create an environment conductive to technological
development by use of company development instruments
(incubators, technology parks, venture capital).
• Stimulate the development of research institutes and units in
the private sector.
• Strenghtening international cooperation in research and
development and increasing the mobility of researchers (in both
directions).
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
Last measurement: Slovenia: jan.2002; EU: feb.2001
*within active inhabitants
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
Last measurement: Slovenia: dec.2001; EU: oct.2000
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SERVICES
In order to close the gap behind the EU average in information and
communications infrastructure the Government of Slovenia is:
• liberalising the telecommunications market,
• ensuring the security of operations for all players,
• privatising the dominant operator,
• stimulating joint investment into the telecommunications network of
the private sector, external investors and the state,
• providing inter-network connections and fast access to the Internet at
affordable prices to all people.
A modern information and communications infrastructure reqires a
number of services to support it (e.g. e-commerce, e-banking, teleworking,
distance learning). In Slovenia, the level of development of those services,
their efficiency, quality and versatility still lags behind the EU. The
Government therefore stimulates the development of new services.
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002
BUILDING A KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
IN SLOVENIA
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
KED Forum for EU Accession Countries, World Bank, Paris, February 19-22, 2002