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Fundamental Objetives of Agribusiness in Brazil
Food Security
- Safety
- Quality
- Quantity
More jobs and increased incomes
National Level: sustainable economic
and social development
International Level: novel markets &
frontiers of contribution to global
sustainability
In 2004, Brazilian agribusiness accounted for:
GDP
EXPORTS
30.0%
40.4%
JOBS
37.0%
Sources: CEPEA-USP / CNA, MAPA e IPEA
Brazilian Agribusiness and GDP - 2004:
Brazilian GDP (US$ 604.9 billion)
Agribusiness’ GDP
US$ 182 billion
(30%)
Non-Agribusiness’ GDP
US$ 422.9 billion
(70%)
Livestock Sector
29%
Agriculture Sector
71%
Sources: CEPEA-USP / CNA
Brazilian Exports (by value): Main Trading Partners
(From December 2004 to November 2005)
Asia (excl. Middle
East and China)
12.5%
Europe (others)
10.4%
America (others)
6.9%
Middle East
6.9%
Africa
6.6%
U.S.A
13.8%
China
6.8%
Mercosur
3.0%
E.U.
32.7%
Oceania
0.4%
Source: MAPA
Ranking of Brazilian Production and Exports
(2004)
Brazil - World Ranking
Main products
Production
Exports
Alcohol *
1st
1st
Sugar
1st
1st
Coffee
1st
1st
Orange Juice
1st
1st
Soy Complex
2nd
1st
Beef
2nd
1st
Tabacco
2nd
1st
Broiler
3rd
1st
Pork
3rd
3rd
Fruits
3rd
-
Corn
3rd
-
Sources: USDA, F. O. Licht
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK & FOOD SUPPLY
Organization Chart
Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento
Gabinete
do Ministro
Secretaria de
Política Agrícola
Secretaria de
?Desenvolvimento
Agropecuário e
Cooperativosmo
SecretariaExecutiva
Consultoria
Jurídica
Assessoria de
Gestão Estratégica
Secretaria Relações
Internacionais
Agronegócio
Secretaria Produção
Agroenergia
CEPLAC
INMET
EMBRAPA
CONAB
CEAGESP
CASEMG
CEASA-MG
CEASA-AM
Laboratórios
Superintendências
Secretaria Defesa
Agropecuária
Brazilian Agricultural Defense System
Geographical Structure
Headquarters
State Agric. Authority
Official
.
Laboratory
Harbor
Airport
Border Control
Agricultural Defense Activities
Animal & Plant Health – oriented to production - emphasis
on animal and plant health:
Tools: GAP, plant and animal disease risk analysis,
traceability & certification systems
Quality & Safety – oriented to the consumer - emphasis
on consumer health & satisfaction broader agricultural
sustainability:
Tools: GAP, GMP, SSOP, HACCP Inspections,
zoonose controls, risk analysis, traceability &
certification systems
Quality & Safety of Foods and
Beverages
- MAPA Program 0356 • 14 Sub-programs, including animal- and plant-derived
foods
• Food quality and safety inspection (shared responsabilities
with the Ministry of Health)
• Enforcement of food quality and safety standards (shared
responsabilities with the Ministry of Health)
• Product certification and traceability
• Analytical studies and surveillance
• Inspector training
• Technology transfer & processor training (EMBRAPA and
partners)
• May include support to research
• Total budget ca. € 12 million (2005). A substantial increase
expected for 2006.
Research & Development:
EMBRAPA
• The R&D arm of the Ministry of Agriculture, est.
1973
• 40 research units strategically located and productoriented
• 2168 researchers (1040 Ph.D., 1067 M.Sc.)
• Multiple international partnerships
• Present abroad since 1998 (initially financed by
the World Bank): 2 international collaborative
centers – LABEX: Beltsville, MD, USA
Montpellier, France.
MAJOR LABEX
COOPERATION AREAS
Food Safety & Quality, Nutrition
Animal Production &
LABEX
Protection
Plant Production &
Protection
Natural Resources &
Sustainable Agricultural Systems
EMBRAPA Labex:
An Inovative Concept
COOPERATION AREAS
•Precision Agriculture
•Integrated Animal Health Control
•Integrated Plant Health Control
•Soil & Water Resources Management
•Global Climate Changes
•Biotechnology & Intellectual Property
•Advanced Molecular Biology Tools
•Novel Uses for Agricultural Products
• Modeling
•Nanotechnology
•Genetic Resources
•FOOD SAFETY
LABEX-USA Food Safety Reseach
Network
• Scope – potential
pathogens in meat,
pork and dairy
products
• Partners – Embrapa
Dairy Cattle, Food
Technology, Tropical
Agroindustry, Goats,
Swine & Poultry
research centers.
Universities.
ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Food Research Institute
Fate of E. coli O157: H7 in HomeMade Dried Beef
Faith, LeCountour, Bonnet, Cacioglu, Luchansky
Int. J. of Food Microbiology, 1998
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
L. monocytogenes: Lactic Acid Induces the ATR
Cell Population (log10cfu.ml-1)
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
ATR+
ATR-
1
2
Time (hours)
Bonnet & Montville, Lett. Appl. Microbiol, 2005
Cross Protection of ATR Listeriae to Nisin
ATR
L. Monocytogenes: Food Antimicrobial
M17 fermented by nis+ L. lactis; 53 IU nisin.ml-1; pH 5.7; 4oC
Resistance
Cell Population (log10cfu.ml-1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Time (days)
ATR+
ATR-
Bonnet & Montville, Lett. Appl. Microbiol, 2005
Increased ATP in ATR+ Cells
10
Intracellular ATP (mM)
8
6
4
2
0
ATR+
ATR-
nd Nisin
ATR+ a
nd Nisin
ATR- a
Bonnet & Montville, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2005 (accepted)
Conclusion from
Mechanistic Studies
ATR-induction
Lactic acid enters cells
Decreases PMF
Protects cells to nisin
& other PMF-driven
antimicrobials
Downregulates
FoF1 ATPase
Spares vital ATP
USDA-ERRC
Predictive Microbiology:
Modeling microbial development in
foods for risk assessment
A
ES_37C_BFN1_COC_STRESS_11
8
• Enterobacter sakazakii in
powdered infant formulae
• Bacterial stress issues
(response to dehydration,
sugar accumulation)
• High morbidity
• Largely disseminated
• 11 strains studied in 16
commercial products
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
5
10
Lag - 1.337 h
Rate - 0.7184 log10cfu.h-1
B
ES_37C_BFN1_COC_STRESS_0
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
5
Lag - 1.422 h
Rate - 0.6989 log10cfu.h-1 h
10
USDA Pathogen Modeling Program
PMP
• Developed by the Center for Microbial Modeling and Informatics (CEMMI),
led by Dr. Mark Tamplin, at the Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC),
Wyndmoor, PA. The program is free for public use (www.arserrc.gov)
• The PMP uses published models to generate predictions of microbial (L.
monocytogenes, S. aureus, C. perfringens, E. coli 0157: H7 etc) development in
several relevant food systems
• Once the food system is chosen, input variables include time, initial microbial
load, temperature, Aw, NaCl concentration. The output, immediately generated,
will give the predicted microbial populations (and the confidence intervals)
reached for the specified conditions
• We translated the PMP to Portuguese, making it widely available for brazilian
food processors – availability 2006
• Brazil plans on contributing with the PMP by conducting research with food
systems of national and multi-national interest. This will add new models to
further widen the PMP scope
Strategic Network of Agricultural
Risk Analysis
- REARA • Microbial food safety (S. aureus, Salmonella spp.,
L. monocytogenes, E. sakazakii). Development of
risk analysis for specific pathogens and
development of predictive models for specific
pathogens in relevant food systems (contribution
to the PMP)
• Chemical food safety (aflatoxins, other
mycotoxins and pesticide residues). Development
of toxin production models and risk analysis for
pesticide residues
• Real-time CCP (HACCP) monitoring
• Consumer Interface
Research Projects
• Development of Sampling Plans for Aflatoxin Control in Brazil
Nuts – MAPA and Embrapa. Approved by FINEP – €300.000 –
initial results to be presented in 2006 to CODEX
ALIMENTARIUS. 2 years
• Development of an Integrated Program for Aflatoxin Control in
Brazil Nuts – MAPA, Embrapa and EU partners – producer
training, production logistics, mathematical modeling of aflatoxin
production – 2 years. Coordination: Catherine BRABET, INRA.
Submitted
• Chemical Profiles of Brazilian Spirits – Cachaca – MAPA and
University of Sao Paulo-Sao Carlos – Prospective full financing
by MAPA of €90.000
• Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residue Levels in Selected Fruits
and Vegetables – MAPA, Universities and official laboratories.
Forthcoming in 2006, to be conducted in conjunction with the
Ministry of Health surveillaces performed at retail level
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Dr. Hartmut Waldner – German Federal Office for
Food Safety
• Other SAFEFOODERA and EU colleagues
• Lithuanian authorities
• Dr. Mark Tamplin, CEMMI-ERRC-USDA
• Dr. John Luchansky, MFS-ERRC-USDA
• Dr. John Cherry, ERRC-USDA
• Colleagues and students at CEMMI-ERRC-USDA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
(MAPA)
• Dr. Gabriel Maciel, Secretary of
Agricultural Defense
• Dr. Alvaro Silva, Director, Plant Programs
• Fabio Fernandes, B.Sc.
• Drs. Odilson, A. Pontes (SRI), P. Arraes
(LABEX)
• My team
We look forward to expanding our
food quality and safety programs
toward the unique opportunity made
possible by SAFEFOODERA.
Thank you!
Contact Information
Dr Marcelo Bonnet
Director, Plant Products Inspection Department
Secretatiat of Agricultural Defense
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock & Food Supply
Esplanada dos Ministerios, Anexo A, sala 337B
Brasilia DF 70000 Brazil
Tel +55 61 3218 2323
Tel + 55 61 3322 3742
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]