Transcript bringing_net_effect_oct03

Bringing the Net Effect
to 700 million Rural Indians
Driving the Digital Revolution
towards rural prosperity
Prof. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, IITM, Chennai
[email protected]
Rural Magic !!
The next few slides have truly “magically” effected
the lives of people in villages . All these are true
stories
Palaniammal’s eyes…
 A 60
year old from a village near Melur
Photographs by an ordinary web camera:
Remote feedback given by Aravind Eye hospital
Agricultural Consultancy
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An Okra crop saved
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Top: Diseased with yellow
mosaic
Below : Post treatment
Saving of Rs 140,000 ($2800)
for the farmers
Cost of information Rs 20
($0.40)
Built huge trust in the system
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
4
The Vet is on the Net ...
•This goat had a wound
near its mouth and could
not eat for a week
• The advice from the
doctor cured its problem
in 2 days
Remote Cardiac care
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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The Power of Visual
Communication
Meeting
: The
PowerinUlaganathapuram
of Visual Communication
A DoctorNet
in Madurai
talking
to patients
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Empowerment of People- Attapatti
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TeNeT Group, IITM
Veeramani, a man with disabilities,
used to operate the pump for the
Village Overhead Tank
The Village Head removed from his job
and gave the post to one of his
relatives
Through the kiosk, he sent an email
petition to the Chief Minister’s Cell,
attaching a photograph of himself
He got his job back !
Wireless India, Oct03
8
In essence
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Information and access to information leads to a
significant increase in the quality of life
 People pay for improvements in quality of life
 This makes it a sustainable option
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
9
How does one
connect Rural India?
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India has 600,000+ villages
 700 million people
(under 1000 people per village)
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Can Rural India afford Connections?
Needs
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Technology
Sustainable Business Model
Organisation which thinks and acts Rural
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
10
Innovative Technology to connect Rural
India
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BSNL has fibre connectivity to most Talukas (county hq)
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CorDECT WLL developed at IITM
 provides a telephone line and Internet connection in a 30 Km radius
 can connect 85% of Indian villages
 start-up costs very low
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To PSTN
To Internet
35/70 kbps Always-on Internet
plus simultaneous telephone
• $ 150 - 200 per line price
•1 million lines being deployed
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
11
Use Local Entrepreneurs to drive
ICT
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Entrepreneur-driven operator assisted telephone booths
(STD PCOs) introduced in 1987
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Number of HH in millions
120
Today in urban areas:
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135 million rural households
102.1
100
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80
60
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40
17
20
10
3.9
1.9
1
0.3
0.3
360
520
840
1300
2240
0
60
180
260
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Lesson for Rural:
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HH Incom e in $ per m onth
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Aid/ Grant does not scale
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950,000 such PCOs covering
every street of smallest town
generate 25 % of total telecom
income
300 million people use these
PCOs
To serve Rural people with
incomes less than $ 1/day,
aggregate demand and let
Entrepreneurs drive it
Successful Enterprises can scale to all villages
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
12
Innovative Business Models
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n-Logue : A Rural Service Provider
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aggregate demand into a kiosk
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$1000 (including taxes) per Kiosk providing telephone, Internet,
multimedia PC with web-camera, printer and power back-up for PC
 plus Indian language software, video conferencing software, training and
maintenance
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set up by a village entrepreneur on the lines of urban PCOs
 provides telephone, stand-alone Computer and Internet services
 needs $70 per month to break even (7cents per person per month)
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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The Business Model
n-Logue
Services
LSP-1
Kiosk
LSP-2
Kiosk
Kiosk
Villagers
Kiosk
LSP-3
Kiosk
Revenues
Application &
Solution
Providers
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Internet Backbone
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School/PHC
Private Business
Government Office
Rural NGO
Provides Training and Technical Support
Handles Licensing and Policy issues
Provides Internet Backbone Connectivity
Enables Kiosk Services through Alliance Partners
Creates Awareness
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ACCESS
CENTRE
Scope:
3000 sq km
400-600 connections
(1 in each village)
Local Service Partner
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Financing
Markets Connections
Provides Onsite Support and Training
Manages Local Web & Email Services
Manages Local Content Pages
Provides Internet Access to Local Community
Provides Awareness and Training
Channels Information needs of Community through
LSP to Application & Content Providers
Internet Kiosk Operator
A Suitably Positioned Kiosk
Like this …
TeNeT Group, IITM
Tamil
Nadu
Wireless India, Oct03
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Or these…
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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A Kiosk Owner/Operator
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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The Kiosk Owner
Should have studied up
to Class 12
 Need have no prior
computer Training
 Should be able to
communicate to the
people in the village
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TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Kiosk: Bouquet of Services (beside
telephony)
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A variety of Services and Applications, relevant to
Rural people, need to be enabled
 No single service can stand on its own
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Education
Livelihood
Health
Entertainment
Communication
E-Governance
TeNeT Group, IITM
PC based services
Computer education
CD movies
DTP work
Photography
Internet based services
E-Governance
Telemedicine
E-learning
E-Agriculture
using Video conferencing
Wireless India, Oct03
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At the Village
Net Banking
From Central
Website
VILLAGE
KIOSK
Physical
Dispersal
Information
Dissemination
• Payment of
• Municipal taxes
• Electricity Bills
• Bus Tickets
• Purchase of Seeds / Fertilisers
• Entrance and Exam Fees
• Distribution of Application
Forms
• Information from Online
Databases like
• BPL lists
• Electoral Lists, etc
• Dispersal of
• PDS coupons
• Application forms for exams, etc
• Text, Audio, Video formats of various Government / Public service
Announcements
• Video-conferencing between Collector and villagers
• Physical Notice Board outside Kiosk on which Govt. Notices can be
TeNeT Group, IITM pasted
Wireless India, Oct03
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The Dream
Current Rural GDP in India = $ 140 billion
For a Population
= 700 million people
GDP / Person
= $ 200 per year
Rural Prosperity
DOUBLING per-capita Rural GDP
$400 per person per year
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Rural Micro-Enterprises are the Wealth
Creators
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Micro-enterprises need
 Finance
 Knowledge and Training
 Buying & Selling
 Insurance
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Can Communications
Enable these ?
Agriculture
Trade &
Commerce
Animal
Husbandry
IT-Based
Services
Agricultural
Processing
Industry
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Technologies & people
behind n-Logue
Technologies in Use
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corDECT WiLL
Midas
 will enable 100/200 dedicated and
2 Mbps shared connection next year
RAS & Router
 Minnow ISP in a box
 Billing System
 Network Management
Banyan
Nilgiri
Nilgiri
NMSWorks
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TeNeT
Alacrity
CK
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Chirag voice/video mail
 Power back-up
 Indian Language Office package
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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corDECT Wireless in Local Loop
IITM - Midas
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To PSTN
To Internet
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35/70 kbps dedicated Always-on
Internet plus simultaneous telephone
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TeNeT Group, IITM
100/200 kbps dedicated & 2Mbps
shared connection in near future
Price target: $ 100 to $ 150 per line
Wireless India, Oct03
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IITM-NMSWorks
Network Management System
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A must with distributed deployment
of Intelligent nodes
IITM - OOPS
Video Conferencing on Internet
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Low bit-rate multi-party Video
Conferencing (audio + video + chat at 20
kbps onwards)
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Convergence of Telecom and
Internet management
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Manage traffic, subscribers,
subscriber equipment and
network health from management
centers
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On-line lecturing at low bitrates
Video Mail
Office package in Indian Languages
IITM - Chennai Kavigal
Major New Initiatives
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Multi-party multi-rate video conferencing
Live Lecture
OOPS
Rural ATM Machine
Vortex
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OOPS
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Finger print detection
HP-IITM
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Medical Diagnostic kit
 LCD projection system
 Web Terminal MeTeL
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NeuroSynaptic
TeNeT
Midas
Entertainment Terminal
TeNeT
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Rural Banking SW
 On-line eye-testing
 Sparse Area Comm System
TeNeT
HP-IITM
TeNeT
TeNeT faculty and 10 companies incubated by it (1000
engineers) working to make the dream true
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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VITAL centres : Next 3 months IITM - NeuroSynaptic
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Village Internet Test and Analysis laboratory
 Upgrade the internet kiosk for basic “non invasive” medical tests
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ECG (Sensors connected to the monitor)
Stethoscope (plugged into the sound card)
Pressure ( Digital BP meters )
Temperature
Eyes ( Charts and Color blindness)
Weight ( Regular weighing scale)
Upgrade PHC with Internet connectivity
 For Blood testing (over and above VITAL equipment)
 Sugar and AIDS
Most of this equipment would be sourced at under $200
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Financial Services with ICICI Bank IITM-Vortex
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Kiosk operators to have Credit cards
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Collect cash from villager and pay online
 Govt. payments, Telephone bills
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Kiosk operator to be an agent for
 agri-crop loans
 Rural Insurance, Health and Crop
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Rural low cost ATMs at kiosks
 Works along with the PC already existing
 Breakthrough pricing envisaged of $600
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Sparse Area Communications
IITM - ISRO
where there is no fibre backbone
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3.8 m antenna
2.4 m antenna
15 -25 Kms with 50 connections
PSTN
• 8-10 voice channels + 64/128 kbps Internet satellite backhaul
Internet
• Each hub supports 16 to 20 remote sites with 2 Mbps download
• $150 corDECT + $200 backhaul cost per connection
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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Summary
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Internet is Power
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IIT Madras and n-Logue have a workable business model to
revolutionize rural India
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every village need to be connected at the earliest
Excellent goodwill
Strong support from State and Central Governments
But the challenge is to make this happen in scale
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To expand the footprint from 1 million to 10 million people
 from 1000 connections in 20 district to 10000 connections in 75
district in next 9 months
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and then to 700 million
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and simultaneously drive the rural economy to double per capita
rural GDP
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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To Sum Up
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ICT can reach everyone provided there is a big
enough Vision behind it
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Dream of Doubling per capita Rural GDP
 Finance, Commerce, Training &
Information are key
 Driving Education, Health and
Entrepreneurship is the means
 Wireless Internet with fibre backhaul can
enable these
 Sparse Areas will require special
technologies & efforts
 Large number of innovative technologies
and applications need to be developed
catering specifically to Rural areas
TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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TeNeT Group, IITM
Wireless India, Oct03
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