Transcript Malaysia - Sites@UCI

Malaysia
History
• A colony of Great Britain during 18th and
19th century
• After Japanese surrender after WWII,
rising movement towards independence.
• Federation of Malay declared
independence in 1957
• Other British territories joined the
Federation and in 1963, became known as
Malaysia
Facts
• A federal constitutional elective monarchy
• Bumiputras (Muslim Malays) consist of
50.4%. Other Bumiputras consist of 11%.
• Non-Bumiputra group consist mostly of
Chinese and Indians.
• Largest and official state religion is Islam.
Economic Development
• After independence, start of ISI policies.
• Government planning used to first focus
on export goods.
• Substantial investment also made to
promote middle class growth.
Malaysian New Economic Policy
• In response to the May 13 Incident (1969)
• Social and Economic, as well as an
affirmative action plan.
• Plan to eradicate poverty, move
indigenous groups out of agriculture.
• Focus was to enrich indigenous groups
while at the same time, promoting overall
economic growth
Export Orientated Industrialization
• Focus on export economy.
• Free trade zones created to promote
exports.
• Beneficiary of FDI, especially due to rise of
Yen, Won, and Taiwanese Dollar.
• During the 1970s, GDP per capita
increase by 358%
Continued Diversification
• New Development Policy to promote
diversification of Malaysian economy.
• During the 2000s, continued rise in
resource prices provide more investment
for manufacturing.
Export shift
• Focus away from natural resources to
other exports.
Thoughts for the Future
• Malaysia is continuing diversification also
with resource based commodities.
• Worries of dependence on few
manufactured goods.
• Worries of brain drain due to affirmative
action policy.
• Lack of strong emphasis on increasing
research and development.
Work Cited
Drabble, John. “The Economic History of Malaysia”. EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. July 31, 2004.
URL http://eh.net/encyclopedia/economic-history-of-malaysia/
Felipe J., R. Briones, D.H. Brooks, A. Mehta and H. Verspagen (2013), `Asia’s Economic Transformation:
Where to, How, and How Fast?´. Special chapter in Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013,
Asian Development Bank (ADB).
Aun, Lee H. "Development in Malaysia: Economics and Politics of an Idea." Akademika 64 (2004): 65-81. Jan. 2004.
Web. 17 May 2015.
Ministry of Education “The Development of Education. National Report of Malaysia. July 2004
http://www.ibe.unesco.org/National_Reports/ICE_2004/malaysia.pdf
Athukorala, Premachandra, and Jayant Menon. "Foreign Investment and Industrialization in Malaysia: Exports,
Employment and Spillovers." Asian Econ J Asian Economic Journal 10.1 (1996): 29-44. Web. 17 May 2015.
The World Bank Data. Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS