Transcript Gary S. Becker

Shaping Knowledge Societies
Gary S. Becker
University of Chicago
UNESCO Symposium
Geneva, Switzerland
An Investment in Knowledge Pays the Best
Interest
Gary S. Becker
Wage Premiums by Education Level
United States
1963 - 2001
Source: Murphy, Erin S. “How pervasive are the Gains from Schooling.” St.
Norbert College, Working Paper, April 2003.
Gary S. Becker
Returns to English and Schooling by Year
Men Aged 30-55 - India
1980-2000
0 .2 5
0.25
English
E ng lis h
Schooling
S c ho o ling
0 .2
0.20
0 .1 5
0.15
0 .1
0.10
0 .0 5
0.05
00
1980
1980
1985
1985
1990
1990
1995
1995
2000
2000
Source: Provided by Mark R. Rosenzweig from his own calculations.
Adjustment for Income Growth in Future: 10% + 4% = 14%
Gary S. Becker
Returns to Education - China
1988- 2002
Year
Sample
1988
Urban – Males
Rate of Return to
Education
3.3%
2002
5 cities - Males
6%
Sources: 1988: Johnson, Emily N., and Chow, Gregory C. (1997). 2002: Provided by Mark
R. Rosenzweig from his own calculations.
Adjustment for Income Growth in Future: 6% + 6% = 12%
Expenditures on Education
India, China, United States
2000
Public Expenditure on
Education as % of GDP
China
2.2
India
4.1
United States
4.8
Source: UNESCO, UIS Global Statistics.
Gary S. Becker
International Students in the United States
by Leading Places of Origin
2002/2003
International Students International Students in
in the US by place of the US by place of origin
origin
per million of population
India
74,603
71.1
China
64,757
50.3
Republic of Korea
51,519
1,066.9
Japan
45,960
361.3
Taiwan
28,017
1,239.5
Total International
Students
586,323
97.4
Source: Open Doors 2003, IIE. The World Factbook, CIA.
Gary S. Becker