Transcript 45153
Pollution Prevention and TRI Data May 2008 1 Agenda Brief overview of the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Program Present Summary of P2 Data as reported to TRI 2 TRI The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA,1986, Sec 313) and the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA,1990) require certain industries to report annually on their releases and waste management activities The information is called the Toxics Release Inventory, or TRI 3 TRI Almost 23,000 facilities submit around 90,000 forms each year (i.e., an average of about 4 forms per facility) The reports are due July 1 each year The TRI data collection covers about 650 chemicals and chemical categories A small subgroup of the chemicals are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), of special concern EPA posts the data and its analysis of the data on the internet. This year, for the second year in a row, TRI data was available earlier than ever before. 4 TRI TRI collects and presents data on “releases” to the environment Includes air emissions, water discharges and placement in waste disposal units (land and underground injection wells) TRI also collects and presents data on chemicals in waste management Includes recycling, treatment, and energy recovery Generally viewed as preferable to releases EPA’s media programs also maintain information on some of these activities 5 TRI Data Collection and Analysis Data Collection Data Analysis -- Two Data Sets Disposal or Other Releases, 2005-2006 -0.2% Millions of Pounds 2,400 2,000 -7% 1,600 1,200 -3% -3% 800 -3% 2005 2006 400 0 Total Air Surface Water Discharges Underground Injection Land Other Total Production-Related Waste Managed Source reduction Recycling Energy Recovery Treatment Total Releases 6 Trends in Production-Related Waste Managed Total Production-related Waste Waste Management Hierarchy 30,000 Recycled Source reduction Millions of Pounds 25,000 Energy Recovery 20,000 Recycling Energy Recovery 15,000 Treated Treatment 10,000 Disposed of or Otherwise Released 5,000 Total Releases 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Total production-related waste decreased 10% from 2001-2006 Based on waste management hierarchy: Recycling decreased by 8% (741 million pounds). Energy recovery decreased by 6% (202 million pounds). Treatment decreased by 6% (480 million pounds). Quantity disposed of or otherwise released decreased by 23% (1.3 billion pounds). 7 Trend in Production-Related Waste Managed, 2001-2006 Recycled (-8%) Production-related Waste Managed (does not include metal mining) 12,000 Millions of Pounds 10,000 Treated (-6%) 8,000 6,000 Energy Recovery (-6%) 4,000 2,000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Disposed of or Otherwise Released (-7%) In 2006 Recycling accounted for 38% of total and decreased by 8% from 2001 Treated accounted for 34% of total and decreased by 6% from 2001 Energy recovery accounted for 14% of total and decreased by 6% from 2001 Disposal or other releases accounted for 14% of total and decreased by 7% from 2001 8 Trend in Production-Related Waste Managed, 2001-2006 Recycled (-8%) Production-related Waste Managed 12,000 Millions of Pounds 10,000 Treated (-6%) 8,000 6,000 Disposed of or Otherwise Released (-23%) Energy Recovery (-6%) 4,000 2,000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 In 2006 Recycling accounted for 36% of total and decreased by 8% from 2001 Treated accounted for 33% of total and decreased by 6% from 2001 Disposal or other releases accounted for 18% of total and decreased by 23% from 2001 Energy recovery accounted for 13% of total and decreased by 6% from 2001 9 Pollution Prevention and TRI Typically use changes in Total Production–Related Waste Managed as a sort of proxy for source reduction Total production-related waste managed can decrease due to Source reduction through P2 activities Decrease in production levels Decreases in recycling, etc. Changes in overall business activity (closing of businesses in some sectors, increased pollution controls) Changes in estimation methods used to report data TRI does not require reporting on reason for change. But, Can compare change in production-related releases or waste generated to change in production Can compare facilities within industry sectors to account for general change in business activity From 2001-2006, we know that the Mining Sector changed how it reported, showing a large decrease due to cessation of reporting of some chemicals in mine tailings. 10 Comparison of Changes in Production Levels to TRI Production-Related Disposal or Other Releases and GHG Emissions Comparison of Percent Change, 2001-2006, TRI Production-related Disposal or Other Releases, Greenhouse Gases and Production Level for Selected Industries 80 59 Percent 60 40 20 11 9 10 9 21 14 4 0 13 6 0 -4 -9.0 -20 -7 -10 -20 -3 -17 -40 Computers/ Electronic Products Cement Electric Utilities Petroleum Refining Chemicals Primary Metals .. .. .. .. .. .. Production Index Greenhouse Gases TRI Production-related Disposal or Other Releases Total Production-related Waste for TRI Chemicals, Weighted units of Tg CO2 equivalents for Greenhouse gases (from www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/08_Trends.pdf), Production Index from Federal Reserve Board, G17 Series. Production levels have increased since 2001. For some industry sectors (chemicals and primary metals), production-related disposal or other releases of TRI chemicals has decreased along with greenhouse gas emissions. For electronics, TRI production-related disposal or other releases decreased while GHG emissions increased. For petroleum refining, TRI production-related disposal or other releases, but by a smaller percentage than the increase in production levels. For cement and electric utilities, greenhouse gases have increased while TRI production- 11 related disposal or other releases have decreased. Comparison of Changes in Production Levels to TRI Production-related Waste and GHG emissions Comparison of Percent Change, 2001-2006, TRI Production-related Waste, Greenhouse Gases and Production Level for Selected Industries 80 59 Percent 60 40 20 11 9 10 9 0.4 16 14 4 14 21 13 0 0 -7 -20 -11 -25 -40 Computers/ Electronic Products Cement .. .. Electric Utilities Production Index -5 -17 Petroleum Refining Chemicals Primary Metals .. .. .. .. Greenhouse Gases TRI Production-related Waste Total Production-related Waste for TRI Chemicals, Weighted units of Tg CO2 equivalents for Greenhouse gases (from www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/08_Trends.pdf), Production Index from Federal Reserve Board, G17 Series. Production levels have increased since 2001. For some industry sectors (chemicals and primary metals), production-related waste of TRI chemicals has decreased along within greenhouse gas emissions For electronics, TRI production-related waste decreased while GHG emissions increased For cement, electric utilities and petroleum refining, TRI production-related waste and greenhouse gas emissions increased. 12 TRI Pollution Prevention Data TRI includes reporting on new source reduction activities undertaken each year TRI reporting not required for chemicals in waste not generated due to source reduction. But TRI data can show: Change in total waste generated over time Changes in types of waste management: recycling, etc. compared to disposal or other releases Changes for facilities that report P2 compared to those that did not report P2 13 Change in TRI Production-Related Disposal or Other Releases for Facilities Reporting New P2 Comparison of Percent Change, 2001-2006, TRI Production-related Disposal or Other Releases and Production Level for Selected Industries 80 59 60 Percent 40 20 9 9 7 21 14 14 5 13 0 -20 -10 -3 -7 -32 -40 -60 -52 Computers/ Electronic Products .. Cement Production Index .. Electric Utilities -2 -3 Petroleum Refining TRI Chemicals Without P2 .. -7 -25 Chemicals TRI .. Chemicals With P2.. Primary Metals .. Total Production-related Waste for TRI Chemicals, Weighted units of Tg CO2 equivalents for Greenhouse gases (from www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/08_Trends.pdf), Production Index from Federal Reserve Board, G17 Series. TRI facilities reporting P2 activities sometime during the period 2001-2006 showed larger overall reduction in production-related disposal or other releases compared to those in the same sector that did not report P2. The one exception was cement facilities where, overall, these facilities reported an increase while those not reporting P2 had an overall decrease. Indeed, for petroleum refining, facilities with P2 reported an overall decrease while those without P2 showed an increase. 14 Change in TRI Production-Related Waste for Facilities Reporting New P2 Comparison of Percent Change, 2001-2006, TRI Production-related Waste and Production Level for Selected Industries 80 59 60 46 Percent 40 9 9 20 15 20 21 14 13 2 3 0 -20 -14 -15 -11 -11 -27 -40 -49 -45 -60 Computers/ Electronic Products .. Cement Production Index .. Electric Utilities Petroleum Refining TRI Chemicals Without P2 .. Chemicals TRI .. Chemicals With P2.. Primary Metals .. Total Production-related Waste for TRI Chemicals, Weighted units of Tg CO2 equivalents for Greenhouse gases (from www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/08_Trends.pdf), Production Index from Federal Reserve Board, G17 Series. TRI facilities reporting P2 activities sometime during the period 2001-2006 showed larger (or the same) overall reduction in production-related waste compared to those in the same sector that did not report P2. The one exception was electric utilities where, overall, these facilities reported a percentage increase greater than the percentage increase in production. Indeed, for cement, petroleum refining and primary metals, facilities with P2 reported an overall decrease while those without P2 showed an increase. 15 Percent P2 Reporting Percent of Forms Reporting Pollution Prevention Activities in that Year 30 25 25 20 15 The percent of TRI chemical forms that have new P2 activities reported has been declining. 1991 was first year of TRI required reporting on P2 activities. 13 10 10 5 0 Percent 1991 2001 2006 Percent of Forms with Pollution Prevention Reported at least One Year 1991-2006 50 46 40 34 31 30 20 10 The percent of TRI chemical forms that have had P2 activities reported sometime throughout the time period has also been declining. This suggests that some facilities could investigate implementing P2 and, as noted in the previous slides, this could result in decreased releases and waste generated. 0 1991 2001 2006 16 Future Plans… Hoping a broad range of data will eventually be available via an TRI Application Programming Interface (API) so you can more easily design your own analysis For questions, contact Ingrid Rosencrantz: E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: 202-566-0961 17