Transcript основные тенденции развития энергоменеджмента

EXPERIENCES ON ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE
Prof., Dr.Sc. Prakhovnik A.V.,
Ass. Prof., Ph.D., Inshekov E.N.,
Ukraine, Kiev
IEE
CONTENT
 Background and History
 Energy management in Ukraine
 Barriers on the way to the energy
efficiency
 System strategy of effective energy
use
 Available Resources
Background for energy
management in Ukraine
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New political and economical situation after
independency;
Energy situation (energy security, import of
energy sources, energy efficiency, etc.);
Needs for professionals:
- old education system;
- new economic knowledge;
Needs for new type of specialist –
energy manager.
Support for energy management
in Ukraine
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 Internal:
political: energy saving – priority in economy;
legislation:
Law about Energy Conservation (1994 – first in NIS);
Law about Education (new reduction, 1994);
state organization: State Committee for Energy
Conservation (1995).
 External:
income of foreign investor, owners, joint-organization;
technical assistants (EU–Tacis, USA–USAID, Canada–
CIDA, etc.);
grants, between states agreements (Germany, Denmark,
Sweden, etc.).
Start of activity and history of
development
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Discussions and forming needs for specialists(1994, 1995);
International conference “DSM’ (December 1995);
EU-Tacis project “Establishment of the TCEM”(1996 –
1998);
Opening of new specialty in education system (1997);
Establishment of Institute of Energy Saving and Energy
Management (1997);
USAID – project for energy audit in industry (1997-99);
EU-Tacis project “Establishment of the Network of
TCEM” (1999 – 2001).
Energy management – definition (1)

management of energy use process,
namely – formulisation of aim, planning
and organisation of activities, coordination,
registration and control of optimal (as most
rational) use of all kinds and forms of
energy during advisable maintenance of
human needs with minimal negative
impact on environment, with conditions of
best use of organisation’s resource
potential in energy use;
Energy management – definition (2)

- supervision of personal, which
manages energy use for reaching high
energy efficiency on the basis of material
and financial resources of organisation.
Energy management system in Ukraine
Barriers on the way to the energy efficiency
Financial
Are often mentioned while discussing energy saving problems
Social
Connected with the level of education, information providing and mentality
Manufacturing
For an industry the energy productivity often isn’t esteemed as the relevant part of
business. There is so-called “manufacturing specify”(directorate of an industry doesn’t pay
attention to energy efficiency but to own manufacturing specific problems).
Management - organizational
Are basically connected with the relics of a command- administrative management
system
 Legal
As the law about energy saving has no "direct acting" (it isn’t of a direct administrative
executing), it is necessary to elaborate and to accept a complex of the legal acts which
would provide the solution of the energy saving measures efficiency problems:
Market
The implementation of market transformations does not respond to the modern
requirements
 Financial
 Absence of capital, especially current
means and depreciation funds
 High bank credit bets
 Large costs of capital escalating owing to
the high credit bets
 Usage of the non - money forms of clearing
(barter, bills)
 Non-payments for used energy and fuel
 Absence of necessary investments,
including external
Social
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Consumers’ low level of knowledge about
efficient measures on energy savings, in
particular, poor usage of Internet-technologies
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Low level of education in the sphere of energy
saving, including professional

"The problem does not concern me ", that is "
this is not my business"

Existing
energy
services
specialists’
traditionally conservative approach to the
problems of energy efficiency increasing

Lack of means among population to buy
modern household power devices of high
efficiency
 Manufacturing
Priority of investments to technologies before the investments to
energy efficiency
Technological losses:
- due to high ash content of coal;
- essential power supplies energy losses;
- limitation of the electrical energy consumers
 Commercial losses
 Low technological level of the energy-using equipment
High percent (more than 70 %) of wear and tear of main energy
equipment.
 Management - organizational
 Energy-management operational system is not created
 In enterprises there are no effectively operating power services
and obsolete generating equipment is used
 The price of energy is determined by the administrative
solutions, first of all by political reasons, and only then – by
expenses
 The planned economy normative base is transferred to
market economy of Ukraine in some cases
 The documents of the energy supplying organisations and
practice of their usage do not take into consideration the
consumer’s rights.
The chiefs give their priority to the goods liquid on an external
market, with high-level of energy expenses
 Legal
 Absence of the normative acts for the mandatory account of
energy
 Impunity for non-payments for the consumed energy
 The energy consumers losses due to cutting-out and to offstandard energy supplying are not taking into consideration
 Absence of the system of energy saving standards and
normative acts which could regulate the levels of energy
efficiency equipment.
 Market
 The market of the energy saving equipment and technologies bases on
lobbying of the particular firms-producers interests
 Poor motivation
 Insufficient experience and culture of marketing, business-planning,
management of energy saving projects
 Actual expenses, connected with non-rational energy use are covered not
at the expense of guilty, but society
 Actual expenses for the environmental pollution, for energy manufacturing,
transfer or consumption are covered by the society
 The excessive energy consumption is covered not only by consumers, but
by the society - at the expense of import of additional energy resources
 Absence of choosing of the energy suppliers
 Rules of relations between energy suppliers and consumers are not
corresponding to market relations
Barriers (obstacles) for the energy efficiency
can be sorted as:
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administrative - obstacles of
organizational and behavioral character.
technological – obstacles based on noneffective and out-of-date technologies of
energy producing, transformation,
transmission, distributing and use.
System strategy of effective energy use
Reliability
It is necessary to apply the most effective means to provide
reliability (along with continuity) of energy supplying.
Prices and tariffs policy
The rules and mechanisms of the prices on electrical energy fixing
should ensure a correctness and transparency of pricing both for
the sellers and for energy customers; they should be effective.
And new normative acts should be introduced.
Legislation and normative base
For energy policy is it relevant to accept new and to
modify and make additions to the existing laws and
normative acts of Ukraine
Energy use efficiency
The increase of the energy use efficiency will promote the increase of the energy supplying
reliability.
Environmental protection and decreasing of influencing on climate
change
Conclusion (1)
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1.
Modern tendencies of energy strategy in the
world are directed to solve three tasks: energy
ensuring, energy availability (by prices and
energy saving), and energy accessibility (by
minimum influence on the environment).
2. Obstacles on the way to energy efficicency can
be devided up into: technologocal – those which
are based on non-effective and out-of-date
technologies and administrative – obstacles of
organizational and behavioural nature.
Conclusion (2)
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3. Main conceptual regulations of the
stategy of overcoming of these obstacles
were presented and anylized separately in
every
class
(administrative
and
technological)
4. Conceptual regulations were harmonized
to the main world tendences.
Physical
resources
TRAINING PROCESS
Classroom (108 m2) is designed
for comfort placing of up to 50
participants, the furniture allows
flexible arrangement. The room
is equipped with the following
facilities:
• presentation equipment (white
board, clip board, etc.);
• air conditioning, automatic
lighting and lamellas control;
• simultaneous translation
equipment;
• local computer network, audio
and video equipment;
• multi media block, overhead
and slide projectors.
DEMONSTRATION
HALL
Room (108 m2) with demonstration
rigs, samples of energy efficient
equipment, models and posters, used
during training process. Today we
have demo rigs for lighting systems,
electric drive, flow metering, electric
power and heat meters, district
heating, etc. Companies, producing
energy efficient equipment, arrange
in the hall exhibitions of their
products, which is available on
Ukrainian market.
DEMONSTRATION
INSTALLATION ROOM
Aim of this room is to show energy
efficient equipment in operation. It
contains air handling unit with
frequency controlled motor drive,
chiller, electric boiler (for local heating
system), uninterruptible power supply
unit, switchboard with meters and
building energy management system
(BEMS). BEMS gathers data from
meters, sensors, roof mounted weather
station and monitors energy use at the
Center. All equipment is widely used
during training.
Thank you for your
attention!
Borschagovska 115,
03056, Kiev, Ukraine,
ph. +38-044-2417037, fax 2417038,
[email protected]
[email protected]
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations
(1)
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In financial block
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To create conditions that the credit
bank system begin to grant investments for
the proper technological measures
(changes) on energy saving.
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Any foreign investments to the Ukraine
economy should be respond to requests of
energy saving as a part of end use.
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations (2)
In a social block
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The system of subsidies and benefits for the of
scanty groups of population should be given by
money exceptionally.
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To create the system of information for
enterprises management as well as individual
citizens about possibilities of energy saving, actual
cost of energy, energy efficient equipment.
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To create consultancy centers on energy and
water save use (best praxis of EU countries).
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To rise considerably the educational level in the
sphere of energy saving, as well as professional.
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations (3)
In production block
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To create system in which owners and managers
of industrial enterprises can get investments and
credits only on condition that their investment projects
answer the modern requirements on energy efficiency.
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Immediately introduce administrative actions
again “commercial losses” for energy.
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To develop and to introduce the system of energy
saving motivation in production sphere.
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Liberalization of energy market. To enter
possibility for user to change the energy.
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations (4)
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In administrative block
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To eliminate administrative or political
interference into the process of price for energy
forming. Prices for energy should be based on the
proper charges.
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To replace immediately the existent normative
base of centralized planned economy regarding
administrative setting of norms, plans for energy.

Instead of few energy power inspections (there
are more of them than it was in the USSR) there is
enough to have the only one State power inspection.
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations (5)
In legal block
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Legislatively introduce the Law about
obligatory energy accounting, which should
forbid purchase – sale of energy without
commercial accounting.
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To spread systems of energy marking of
equipment according to energy efficiency
factors.

To introduce minimal standards of efficiency
for devices and equipment.

To introduce energy power certification of
building etc.
1. Basic administrative conceptual regulations (6)
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In a market block

To prepare and introduce market rules for tender
procedure. (Market of energy saving equipment and
technologies looks like «wild market»).

To create conditions for introduction of energy
saving motivation both in industry and in public society.

Wide usage of advertising and voluntarily
agreements should replace different fiscal methods in
system of energy saving management.

To create conditions at which the additional
charges connected with inefficient use of energy, with
environment pollution, removing of ecological aftereffects at consumption of energy will be covered by
pollutants.
2. Basic technological conceptual regulations
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I. To prepare and introduce to an action a new
tax for those types of productions and
enterprises which have low indexes of specific
energy consumption in comparison with EU
countries.
II. To stimulate on new principles a
development of local renewable energy sources
by preparation and introduction of legislative acts
at the level of Oblenergo.
III. To stimulate decentralized generation (DG)
for peak demands compensation.
Stimulation of the decentralized generation (DG) to
cover peak demands
Both traditional sources of small power and RES can be
sources of DG to cover peak demands.
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1. High efficiency of these blocks and installations
as they are created, set and exploited in modern
conditions with use of energy efficient technologies
and methods of control.
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2. High enough coefficient of use of the set capacity,
related to effective algorithms and methods of
control of blocks and installations operations.
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3. Low indexes of hazardous substances and GHG
emissions, especially of CO2. The given aspect will
gain the larger actuality with approaching of the term
of action of the first stage of the Kioto agreements
(2008-2012).
3. Harmonization of ways of Ukraine and world
community in energy efficiency
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“Strategy of development of energy efficient
economy of Ukraine” consists of five blocks:

reliability (safety) of energy supply;

policy of prices and tariffs;

legislative and normative base;

programs of efficient use of energy
directly;

environment protection and reduction of
influence on the climate change.
Stimulation of local renewable energy sources
development.
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 to change the operating scheme of stimulation
of producers of RES equipment for scheme of
stimulation of user of these sources, which can
be executed on the condition that the proper
equipment got certification of quality and
reliability;
 to create and equip the proper certification
centers for equipment and technologies on the
use of RES.
Available Resources
 human resources;
 educational resources;
 physical resources:
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premises of TCEM;
presentation equipment and tools for
preparing training materials;
printing and copy equipment;
demonstration equipment and demo rigs;
set of tools for maintenance of demo rigs;
licensing.
INFORMATION
ACTIVITY
TCEM has powerful software and
hardware complex for preparation, editing
and printing of materials for trainers and
trainees. Together with lEE Information
and Publishing Center "Energy of Future
Age" TCEM provides various information
service for instructors, trainees and other
interested parties, including: search,
selection and dissemination of information
on requested topic; work with library
funds, including periodicals, demonstration and information materials on different
carriers; preparation of brochures, slides,
overheads, CDs, etc.
Existing system in Ukraine
for preparation of specialist in
the field of energy saving
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organizational level:
State Committee for Energy Conservation (state co-ordination);
Branch Ministry and Industry (branch co-ordination);
Private company, EsCo (market co-ordination).
educational level (prepare of bachelor, specialist, master):
national cross-educational program (from kinder garden, schools to
University, industries);
Institute for Energy Saving and Energy Management (base
organization in Ukraine);
Network of University, which is certified for this activity.
implementation level (training, training skills approval, retraining):
TCEM, Kiev (co-ordination unit);
Network of TCEM (regional work).