Transcript What is the Global Village? - Geography

Watch the clip.
Whilst you are watching, think about the following
questions:
1. What problems do we face in the world?
2. Why do these problems exist?
3. What can we do about these problems?
What is the Global Village?
L.O
To revise all the ideas in the Global Village
unit.
Write down all key words .
Make notes on all the important points.
The Global
Village
The view that
the world is a
single community
of humanity
interdependent
on each other
for survival.
Label the continents on your map:
Europe
North America
Asia
Oceania
South America
Africa
Antarctica
What countries do you think have the highest mortality rates?
What countries do you think are the richest?
Do you think these two answers are related?
Different names are used to describe the richer areas of the world
and the poorer areas.
Poor
Rich
Developing or
underdeveloped
Third World
Developed
South
North
Less
Economically
Developed
Country
More
Economically
Developed
Country
First World
The Economy
Everyone in the UK is part of the economy; as a
consumer or a producer.
If we buy things, we are consumers.
If we make or sell things, we are producers.
If you add up the value of everything that is
produced (made), it should be the same as the
total of everything that is consumed
(brought)
The Economy
Obviously, if someone has not got enough money
to buy something, they can’t have it.
That is why some things are provided to us
through the public sector (education, health
care etc)
This is an attempt to make the system fair.
Interdependency
If one person did all the jobs needed to bring a product to
the consumer, it would be a lot of work, effecting time and
quality.
Therefore, businesses share out the work and become
interdependent on each other.
For example, Journalists, photographers, editors etc need
Printers to print their work in newspapers. They both
depend on transport to distribute the newspaper and all
rely on the newsagent to sell the paper in order for all of
them to be paid.
Add on maintenance men for all machines used, window
cleaners, banks, electricity providers, food providers etc,
and you can see that the economy relies on a lot of people
working together.
Interdependency
A big company in an area helps the local
community.
• It gives jobs
• It gives transferable skills and training
• It supports local businesses (pubs, shops
etc)
• It pays taxes to the local council
If this company declined, then it would
affect the entire community.
A fair world?
This is happening all over the world.
If the system of economy is fair, then
why do we have MEDCs and LEDCs?
It is because we have different rates of
economic growth.
Third World Debt
As the LEDCs try to catch up, they might
have to borrow money off of the
MEDCs. If the country can then not
increase their economy by as much as
they wanted, they can not afford the
repayments and the debt gets bigger.
Some debts have been cancelled, but not
all of them.
Third World Debt
41 poor countries (33 in Africa) owe about £150
billion in debt to rich countries.
To repay these debts, the countries are forced
to divert money from healthcare, education
and other vital services.
Many children will never go to school, mothers
don’t have prenatal care and HIV infected
people do not get the treatment they need.
Globalisation
Modern technology combined with improved
communication and transport has made it easier to
trade around the world.
Because of this, our nations are more reliant on each
other than ever before.
You can order something from Australia and it can be
with you within 5 working days.
Small local businesses now help make up national
economies, and added together, there is now a global
economy.
Globalisation
Economy of Republic Of Ireland = $122 billion.
Microsoft Sales = $36.5 billion
Economy of Niger = $2.2 billion
Some companies sales are bigger than many
countries’ economy. This can happen because
countries have to stay still whereas companies
can go where the customers are richer and
the labour is cheaper
Globalisation
Why will suppliers accept lower payments from
big multinational countries?
Why will workers work for less in LEDCs?
All because there is little alternative.
Multinational companies may well be the only
buyer of particular goods or the only big
employer in an area, so they can pick and
choose their prices/wages.
Globalisation
Can Globalisation be a good thing?
• Some poorer countries have developed well
• It creates jobs in poor countries, which in
turn creates more jobs (cafes, building firms
etc)
• Prices become cheaper because goods are
cheaper to make.
• New wider choices as more we can buy goods
from a wider variety of sources
Fair Trade
Trade is very important because it earns money and creates jobs.
Trade has existed for as long as Humans have, but now, due to Globalisation,
there is more opportunity for companies to find the best product for the
cheapest price.
The World Trade Organisation (WTO) are responsible for negotiating
international trade agreements.
The current system is FREE TRADE, which means that the price of goods are
determined by the amount of people who want to buy and sell. However,
this favours the richer countries.
Many people now argue for FAIR TRADE meaning that the poorer countries will
benefit more. This will work by allowing more of the price the consumer
makes to go to the producer, a fairer wage, working conditions and to
create Trade Unions.
An example of this is the US government wanting chocolate manufacturers to
put the label “Slave Free” on their wrappers to show if their chocolate was
produced on farms that did not use slave labour to do the work. Then
campaigners could argue that people should boycott all chocolate companies
who do not have this label, ensuring that all companies would sign up.
Environmental Issues
As well as economic issues, there are also environmental
issues to causing problems.
Such as:
Sustainable Development
Even here, we have a similar choice.
We can choose to work less hours and have access to
health care and education. We have many things we can
buy to make life more comfortable for us.
This is a good thing, but there are some drawbacks.
Growing food and building homes, roads, hospitals and
schools uses land, resources and energy. The demand
for products and services may mean pollution increase
and natural resources all to be used up.
In time, these factors could have an effect on the way we
live and could actually decrease our standard of living.
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development is a way of improving the way we live
today without harming the prospects for the future.
Different resources can now be used instead of dangerous or
scarce ones.
Energy: As coal, oil and natural gas runs out we can use wind
power, solar power, nuclear power etc.
Food: North Sea fishing fleets have almost wiped out fish
stocks. Now we have strict controls on how much fishing
can happen and some species have already started to
increase once more.
Resources: If you continue to cut down trees for timber and
paper, you will run out of trees. However, trees are
renewable by simply replanting as you go.
What can you do?
Is it up to governments to sort out the environmental
problems or are there things that you can do?
List them.
UK’s place in the world.
To solve all of these problems, people, governments and
countries have to get involved.
How is the UK involved?
•
•
•
•
The European Union
The United Nations
The Commonwealth
Supporting International Pressure Groups